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 A HISTORY OF ESSEX HUNDRET OF WjTBRICTESHERNA [DfiNGIE] * BENFLET [Benfleet] was held by Leuard', a free man, in the time of King Edward, (and) afterwards by Tedric Pointel, as I hide. Then as now (semper) I bordar. Then I plough ; now none. Pasture for 40 sheep. Then i fishery (piscina) ; now none. And it is worth 20 shillings. fo. 4b STEPLA [Steeple] was held by Aluric, a free man, as I hide. Then I bordar ; now none. Then i plough ; now half a one. It was then worth 20 shillings ; now 1 6. In ULWINES- CHERHAM [ * ] 4 free men held (de) i hide less 6 acres in the time of King Edward ; now they are not there ; it was then worth 20 shillings; now 10 ; this land is claimed by Tedric Pointel (as his) by ex- change. Free (Franc!) men held 51 acres, and they are not included in the king's ferm (firma) 3 ; (they) were then worth 8 shillings ; now 5 ; this land is held by a servant (famulus) of the king and does not pay geld. In MEL- DUN A [Maldon] are 2 free men with (de) 10 acres ; of these Ranulf Peverel (piperellus) has 5 acres, and Hugh de Montford 5 acres ; it was then worth 10 pence, (and) now 12. Two free men, in the time of King Edward, held 6 acres and belonged to (jacuerunt in) the king's Hundret, and now Baignard has (them). In the Hundret of ROCHESFORT [Rochford] Grim the reeve holds now as then (semper) 10 acres worth 16 pence.* HUNDRET OF LASSENDENE [LEXDEN] STANEWEGA [Stan way] was held by Harold in the time of King Edward as I manor and as 5^ hides. Now the king has it as the same (pro totidem). Then 1 2 villeins ; after- wards and now 9. Then 6 bordars ; after- wards and now 9. Then as now (semper) 6 serfs and 3 ploughs on the demesne. Then the men had 1 3 ploughs ; afterwards and now 2^ (ploughs). Then as now (semper) i mill. (There is) wood(land) for 100 swine with 12 acres of meadow, 2O beasts (animalia), 59 swine, 260 sheep, and 1 1 rounceys (runcini). 1 It is very inexplicable that one should find a wrong Hundredal heading in Domesday prefixed immediately, as here, to the name of a manor. Benfleet was in Barstaple Hundred (see p. 428, note I, above). s i.e. the receipts from them were not included in the sum for which the king leased out the estate. 564 below. There is also an outlying estate (berewita) of 2i hides and 1*3 acres called LEGRA [Layer], which belongs to (et jacet in) this manor ; then as now (semper) 7 villeins (were there), and 2 bordars, and 4 serfs, and 2 ploughs on the demesne ; then the men had 2 ploughs, and now i^. There also belongs a detached estate (berewita) called LESSENDENA [Lexden] 5 of 4 hides ; then 6 villeins were there, (and) afterwards and now 5 ; then I O bordars, (and) afterwards and now 12 ; then 4 serfs, and afterwards and now 5 ; then as now (semper) 2 ploughs on the demesne ; then the men had 4 ploughs, and now 3 ; there is wood(land) for I oo swine (with) 1 8 acres of meadow ; now (there are) 2 mills. And (there are) 16 sokemen with (de) 2 hides and 36 acres ; then as now (semper) (they had) 2^ ploughs. The whole (manor) was then worth 22 pounds ; now Peter 6 receives from it 33 pounds and fo-s 3 pounds fine (gersuma). 1 From this manor Reimund Girald' 8 took I villein with (de) half a hide, who used to render the customary due ; now as then (semper) there is there half a plough, and it is worth 10 shillings ; Nor- man held this land and rendered the customary due, but Raimund took it away and Roger (de Poitou) likewise. And Roger de Poitou (pictavensis) has taken over (accepit) I villein holding i acre. And Ingelric took away i woman, Bricteva (by name), holding 1 8 acres, and she used to render 32 pence (nommos) to the manor every year. 9 HUNDRET OF ANGRE [ONGAR] ULFELMESTUNA [Wolverston (in Chigwell)] was held by Harold as a manor and as 3 hides and 40 acres. Now King William (holds it). Then as now (semper) 4 villeins. Then 2 bordars ; now 6. Then the men had I plough between them ; now the same. (There is) wood(land) for 60 swine (with) 4 acres of meadow. It was then worth 20 shillings ; now 40. A certain free man held 20 acres in the time of King Edward ; (there was) then half a plough ; now nothing ; and it is worth 3 (shillings). He (iste) was always 5 Within the liberties of Colchester (compare p. 574 below). 6 Peter de Valognes, the sheriff. 7 Consideration money for the lease. 8 See Introduction, p. 354. 9 This is clearly the customary payment spoken of at Babraham, Belesham, and Iclinton, Cambs. (Domesday, i. 197^, 190^, 198), as 2 ounces (or<g or ores) or 32 pence. At the two latter places Domesday records it as 3 2 pence and the Inyuisitio comitatus Cantabrigiensts as 2 ounces (pp. 24, 41). 432
 * See Introduction, p. 391.
 * For his holdings in Barstable Hundred see p.