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 ANCIENT EARTHWORKS HINTON WALDRIST. CASTLE MOUNTS WITH ATTACHED COURTS [CLASS E] Of fortified mounds with baileys attached only three occur in the county. Of these one, Hinton Waldrist, has the mound outside the fortified enclosure, while at the others, Wallingford and Windsor Castles, the mounds are situated almost in the middle of the moated area. HINTON WALDRIST. The manor house at Hinton Waldrist stands within a moat, more than half of which is still in existence, and partly filled with water. To the north the ground slopes away, and here there was a vallum, forming the outer side of the moat, part of which remains. On the south-west, outside the moat is a high mound, evidently part of the construc- tion, with faint traces of a ditch around it. WALLINGFORD, WALLINGFORD CASTLE. This is another example of the same form of construction, though here the earthworks have been elaborated, probably at a later date. The mound is in the centre of the southern side, and a deep trench runs round part of its circumference. Round it, stretching to the north to include the bailey, are three other moats, which are not, however, on the east, where we find traces of for- midable bastions and other defences which guarded the side exposed to the river. WINDSOR CASTLE. We should perhaps consider the earthworks existing at Windsor Castle as a specimen of a fortified mount with a bailey attached, for there are traces of this formation still to be seen, though the buildings and alterations of later times have to some extent obscured the original form. 1 The Round ''& <&%*. 5-3 f*r S^* *^ SCALE or .E or rirr >0 00 SOO I WINDSOR CASTLE. Tower still stands on the summit of a cir- cular mound, more than 270 feet in diameter at its base and about 50 feet in height, partially surrounded by a ditch or moat, which made the complete circuit in earlier days. 1 The accompanying plan is based upon information kindly supplied by Mr. W. H. St. John Hope, M.A. 267
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