Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 92 Part 1.djvu/993

 PUBLIC LAW 95-424—OCT. 6, 1978

92 STAT. 939

United States institutions for carrying out this strategy. In order to Bilateral achieve these objectives and the broad objectives set forth in section assistance, 101 and in subsection (a) of this section, bilateral development assist- guidelines. ance authorized by this Act shall be carried out in accordance with the following principles: "(1) Development is primarily the responsibility of the people of the developing countries themselves. Assistance from the United States shall be used in support of, rather than substitution for, the self-help efforts that are essential to successful development programs and shall be concentrated in those countries that take positive steps to help themselves. Maximum effort shall be made, in the administration of this part, to stinmlate the involvement of the people in the development process through the encouragement of democratic participation in private and local governmental activities and institution building appropriate to the requirements of the recipient countries. "(2) Development planning must be the responsibility of each sovereign country. United States assistance should be administered in a collaborative style to support the development goals chosen by each country receiving assistance. "(3) United States bilateral development assistance should give high priority to undertakings submitted by host governments which directly improve the lives of the poorest of their people and tl.eir capacity to participate in the development of their countries, while also helping such governments enhance their planning, technical, and administrative capabilities needed to insure the success of such undertakings. "(4) Development assistance provided under this chapter shall be concentrated in countries which will make the most effective use of such assistance to help satisfy basic human needs of poor people through equitable growth, especially in those countries having the greatest need for outside assistance. In order to make possible consistent and informed judgments in this respect, the President shall assess the commitment and progress of countries in moving toward the objectives and purposes of this chapter by utilizing criteria, including but not limited to the following: "(A) increase in agricultural productivity per unit of land through small-farm, labor-intensive agriculture; "(B) reduction of infant mortality; "(C) control of population growth; "(D) promotion of greater equality of income distribution, including measures such as more progressive taxation and more equitable returns to small farmers; " (E) reduction of rates of unemployment and underemployment; and " (F) increase in literacy. "(5) United States development assistance should focus on critical problems in those functional sectors which affect the lives of the majority of the people in the developing countries; food production and nutrition; rural development and generation of gainful employment; population planning and health; environment and natural resources; and education, development administration, and human resource development. "(6) United States assistance shall encourage and promote the participation of women in the national economies of developing

39-194 O—80—pt. 1

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