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 TREATIES represented on it to provide armed forces in ful- fillment of the obligations assumed under Article 43, invite that Member, if the Member so desires, to participate in the decisions of the Security Council concerning the employment of contin- gents of that Member's armed forces. Article 45 In order to enable the United Nations to take urgent military measures, Members shall hold immediately available national air-force contin- gents for combined international enforcement ac- tion. The strength and degree of readiness of these contingents and plans for their combined action shall be determined, within the limits laid down in the special agreement or agreements referred to in Article 43, by the Security Council with the assistance of the Military Staff Committee. Article 46 Plans for the application of armed force shall be made by the Security Council with the assist- ance of the Military Staff Committee. Article 47 1. There shall be established a Military Staff Committee to advise and assist the Security Council on all questions relating to the Security Council's military requirements for the mainte- nance of international peace and security, the em- ployment and command of forces placed at its disposal, the regulation of armaments, and pos- sible disarmament. 2. The Military Staff Committee shall consist of the Chiefs of Staff of the permanent members of the Security Council or their representatives. Any Member of the United Nations not perma- nently represented on the Committee shal be in- vited by the Committee to be associated with it when the efficient discharge of the Committee's responsibilities requires the participation of that Member in its work. [59 STAT. 3. The Military Staff Committee shall be re- sponsible under the Security Council for the strategic direction of any armed forces placed at the disposal of the Security Council. Questions relating to the command of such forces shll be worked out subsequently. 4. The Military Staff Committee, with the authorization of the Security Council and after consultation with appropriate regional agencies, may establish regional subcommittees. Article 48 1. The action required to carry out the deci- sions of the Security Council for the mainte- nance of international peace and security shall be taken by all the Members of the United Nations or by some of them, as the Security Council may determine. 2. Such decisions shall be carried out by the Members of the United Nations directly and through their action in the appropriate interna- tional agencies of which they are members. Article 49 The Members of the United Nations shall join in affording mutual assistance in carrying out the measures decided upon by the Security Council. Article 50 If preventive or enforcement measures against any state are taken by the Security Council, any other state, whether a Member of the United Nations or not, which finds itself confronted with special economic problems arising from the carry- ing out of those measures shall have the right to consult the Security Council with regard to a solu- tion of those problems. Article 51 Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self defense if an armed attack occurs against a Mem- 1044

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