Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 120.djvu/3726

 PUBLIC LAW 109–482—JAN. 15, 2007

120 STAT. 3695

(3) PEER REVIEW.—A grant may be made under paragraph (1) only if the application for the grant has undergone technical and scientific peer review under section 492 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 289a) and has been reviewed by the advisory council under section 402(k) of such Act (as added by section 102(c) of this Act) or has been reviewed by an advisory council composed of representatives from appropriate scientific disciplines who can fully evaluate the applicant. (b) HIGH-RISK, HIGH-REWARD RESEARCH.— (1) IN GENERAL.—From amounts to be appropriated under section 402A(b) of the Public Health Service Act, the Secretary, acting through the Director of NIH, may allocate funds for the national research institutes and national centers to make awards of grants or contracts or to engage in other transactions for demonstration projects for high-impact, cutting-edge research that fosters scientific creativity and increases fundamental biological understanding leading to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases and disorders. The head of a national research institute or national center may conduct or support such high-impact, cutting-edge research (with funds allocated under the preceding sentence or otherwise available for such purpose) if the institute or center gives notice to the Director of NIH beforehand and submits a report to the Director of NIH on an annual basis on the activities of the institute or center relating to such research. (2) SPECIAL CONSIDERATION.—In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the Director of NIH shall give special consideration to coordinating activities with national research institutes whose budgets are substantial relative to a majority of the other institutes. (3) ADMINISTRATION OF PROGRAM.—Activities relating to research described in paragraph (1) shall be designed by the Director of NIH or the head of a national research institute or national center, as applicable, to enable such research to be carried out with maximum flexibility and speed. (4) PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIPS.—In providing for research described in paragraph (1), the Director of NIH or the head of a national research institute or national center, as applicable, shall seek to facilitate partnerships between public and private entities and shall coordinate when appropriate with the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health. (5) PEER REVIEW.—A grant for research described in paragraph (1) may be made only if the application for the grant has undergone technical and scientific peer review under section 492 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 289a) and has been reviewed by the advisory council under section 402(k) of such Act (as added by section 102(c) of this Act). (c) REPORT TO CONGRESS.—Not later than the end of fiscal year 2009, the Secretary, acting through the Director of NIH, shall conduct an evaluation of the activities under this section and submit a report to the Congress on the results of such evaluation. (d) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this section, the terms ‘‘Director of NIH’’, ‘‘national research institute’’, and ‘‘national center’’ have the meanings given such terms in section 401 of the Public Health Service Act.

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