Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 120.djvu/2772

 PUBLIC LAW 109–401—DEC. 18, 2006

120 STAT. 2741

(16) The term ‘‘unsafeguarded nuclear fuel-cycle activity’’ means research on, or development, design, manufacture, construction, operation, or maintenance of— (A) any existing or future reactor, critical facility, conversion plant, fabrication plant, reprocessing plant, plant for the separation of isotopes of source or special fissionable material, or separate storage installation with respect to which there is no obligation to accept IAEA safeguards at the relevant reactor, facility, plant, or installation that contains source or special fissionable material; or (B) any existing or future heavy water production plant with respect to which there is no obligation to accept IAEA safeguards on any nuclear material produced by or used in connection with any heavy water produced therefrom.

TITLE II—UNITED STATES ADDITIONAL PROTOCOL IMPLEMENTATION SEC. 201. SHORT TITLE.

This title may be cited as the ‘‘United States Additional Protocol Implementation Act’’. SEC. 202. FINDINGS.

United States Additional Protocol Implementation Act. 22 USC 8101 note.

22 USC 8101.

Congress makes the following findings: (1) The proliferation of nuclear weapons and other nuclear explosive devices poses a grave threat to the national security of the United States and its vital national interests. (2) The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty has proven critical to limiting such proliferation. (3) For the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty to be effective, each of the non-nuclear-weapon State Parties must conclude a comprehensive safeguards agreement with the IAEA, and such agreements must be honored and enforced. (4) Recent events emphasize the urgency of strengthening the effectiveness and improving the efficiency of the safeguards system. This can best be accomplished by providing IAEA inspectors with more information about, and broader access to, nuclear activities within the territory of non-nuclear-weapon State Parties. (5) The proposed scope of such expanded information and access has been negotiated by the member states of the IAEA in the form of a Model Additional Protocol to its existing safeguards agreements, and universal acceptance of Additional Protocols by non-nuclear weapons states is essential to enhancing the effectiveness of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. (6) On June 12, 1998, the United States, as a nuclearweapon State Party, signed an Additional Protocol that is based on the Model Additional Protocol, but which also contains measures, consistent with its existing safeguards agreements with its members, that protect the right of the United States to exclude the application of IAEA safeguards to locations and activities with direct national security significance or to locations or information associated with such activities.

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