Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 106 Part 6.djvu/742

 106 STAT. 6300 PROCLAMATION 6445-JUNE 15, 1992 trade secret owner in a manner contrary to honest commercial practices insofar as such information: (1) is not, as a body or in the precise configuration and assembly of its components, generally known or readily ascertainable; (2) has actual or potential commercial value because it is not generally known or readily ascertainable; and (3) has been subject to reasonable steps under the circumstances to keep it secret. (ii) Neither Party shall limit the duration of protection for trade secrets so long as the conditions in paragraph 2(e)(i) of this Article exist. (iii) Licensing Neither Party shall discourage or impede voluntary licensing of trade secrets by imposing excessive or discriminatory conditions so such licenses or conditions which dilute the value of trade secrets. (iv) Government Use (1) If a Party requires, as a condition of approving the marketing of pharmaceutical or agricultural chemical products which utilize new chemical entities, the submission of undisclosed test or other data, the origination of which involves a considerable effort, that Party shall protect such data against unfair commercial use. Further, each Party shall protect such data against disclosure except where necessary to protect the public or unless steps are taken to ensure that the data is protected against unfair commercial use. (2) Unless the national or company submitting the information agrees, the data may not be relied upon for the approval of competing products for a reasonable period of time, taking into account the efforts involved in the origination of the data, their nature, and the expenditure involved in their preparation, and such period of time shall generally be not less than five years from the date of marketing approval. (3) Where a Party relies upon a marketing approval granted by the other Party or a country other than the United States or Albania, the reasonable period of exclusive use of the data submitted in connection with obtaining the approval relied upon shall commence with the date of the first marketing approval relied upon. (f) Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights (i) Each Party shall protect intellectual property rights covered by this Article by means of civil law, criminal law, or administrative law or a combination thereof in conformity with the provisions below. Each Party shall provide effective procedures, internally and at the border, to protect these intellectual property rights against any act of infringement, and effective remedies to stop and prevent infringements and to effectively deter further infringements. These procedures shall be applied in such a manner as to avoid the creation of obstacles to legitimate trade and provide for safeguards against abuse. (ii) Procedures concerning the enforcement of intellectual property rights shall be fair and equitable. (iii) Decisions on the merits of a case shall, as a general rule, be in writing and reasoned. They shall be made known at least to the parties to the dispute without undue delay.

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