Page:United States Statutes at Large Volume 106 Part 3.djvu/767

 PUBLIC LAW 102-484—OCT. 23, 1992 106 STAT. 2561 SEC. 1364. REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL MINE CLEARING EFFORTS IN REFUGEE SITUATIONS. (a) FINDINGS.—The Congress finds that^ (1) an estimated 10-20 million mines are scattered across Cambodia, Afghanistan, Somalia, Angola, and other countries which have experienced conflict; and (2) refugee repatriation and other humanitarian programs are being seriously hampered by the widespread use of antipersonnel mines in regional conflicts and civil wars. (b) REPORT.—(1) The President shall provide a report on international mine clearing efforts in situations involving the repatriation and resettlement of refugees and displaced persons. (2) The report shall include the following: (A) An assessment of mine clearing needs in countries to which refugees and displaced persons are now returning, or are likely to return within the near future, including Cambodia, Angola, Afghanistan, Somalia and Mozambique, and an assessment of current international efforts to meet the mine clearing needs in the countries covered by the report. (B) An analysis of the specific types of mines in the individual countries assessed and the availability of technology and assets within the international community for their removal. (C) An assessment of what additional technologies and assets would be required to complete, expedite or reduce the costs of mine clearing efforts. (D) An evaluation of the availability of technologies and assets within the United States Government which, if called upon, could be employed to augment or complete mine clearing efforts in the countries covered by the report. (E) An evaluation of the desirability, feasibility and potential cost of United States assistance on either a unilateral or multilateral basis in such mine clearing operations. (3) The report shall be submitted to the Congress not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act. SEC. 136S. LANDMINE EXPC^T MORATORIUM. 22 USC 2778 (a) FINDINGS.— The Congress makes the following findings: (1) Anti-personnel landmines, which are specifically designed to maim and kill people, have been used indiscriminately in dramatically increasing numbers, primarily in insurgencies in poor developing countries. Noncombatant civilians, including tens of thousands of children, have been the primary victims. (2) Unlike other military weapons, landmines often remain implanted and imdiscovered after conflict has ended, causing untold suffering to civilian populations. In Afghanistan, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, and Angola, tens of millions of unexploded landmines have rendered whole areas uninhabitable. In Afghanistan, an estimated hundreds of thousands of people have been maimed and killed by landmines during the 14-year civil war. In Cambodia, more than 20,000 civilians have lost limbs and another 60 are being maimed each month from landmines. (3) Over 35 countries are known to manufacture landmines, including the United States. However, the United States is not a major exporter of landmines. During the past ten years the Department of State has approved ten licenses for the

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