Page:United States Reports, Volume 542.djvu/57

18  lacks prudential standing to bring this suit in federal court.

The judgment of the Court of Appeals is reversed.

It is so ordered.

took no part in the consideration or decision of this case.  , with whom joins, and with whom  joins as to Part I, concurring in the judgment.

The Court today erects a novel prudential standing principle in order to avoid reaching the merits of the constitutional claim. I dissent from that ruling. On the merits, I conclude that the Elk Grove Uniﬁed School District (School District) policy that requires teachers to lead willing students in reciting the Pledge of Allegiance, which includes the words "under God," does not violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.

The Court correctly notes that "our standing jurisprudence contains two strands: Article III standing, which 