Page:Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, Durham, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1838 Vol.2.djvu/306

 surface, the meshes bounded by threads that are somewhat toothed or spinous. The fecal orifices are numerous, and dispersed all over the sponge.

2. H. papillaris, encrusting, spreading irregularly; the surface porous, and studded over with large often papillary fecal orifices with smooth margins; spicula fusiform, slightly curved (tab. nost. ix. fig. 3.)

H. papillaris, Flem. Brit. Anim. 520.

Spongia informis durior, compressa, Raii Syn. 30.

Spongia urens, Soland. Zooph. 187.

S. tomentosa, Montagu in Wern. Mem. ii. 99.

S. papillaris, Montagu in Wern. Mem. ii. 90; Grant in Edin. New Phil. Journ. for Oct. 1826, p. 121, tab. ii. fig. 21, and fig. 2; also in the number for April, 1826, p. 343. Sponge like crumb of bread, Ellis, Corall. 80. t. xvi. f. d.

Hab. On rocks and the stalks of the large Fuci, near low-water mark, very abundant.

Forms an irregular and often very extensive crust on rocks and sea-weed, from one-eighth to a quarter of an inch in thickness. The colour is in general a dirty orange-yellow, sometimes with a considerable mixture of green: in texture it is finely cellular, rather firm, and perforated with wide canals which open on the surface in the form of papillary tubercles, but sometimes even with it. The edges of the external orifices are sim- ple and entire; and within them we can readily discover from two to five smaller and sepa- rate holes of unequal sizes. The spicula are very numerous, interlaced in every direction, but forming obscure stellated figures : they are siliceous, crystalline, slightly curved, and ta- pered at the ends. . GRANTIA. . G. compressa, compressed, tubular, with simple terminal and lateral orifices; spicula of two kinds, triradiate and clavate. G. compressa, Flem. Brit. Anim. 524. Spongia compressa, Grant in Edin. New Phil. Journ. for April 1826, p. 166, and for Oct. 1826, p. 127, tab. ii. f. 11, 12, 13, and 23. S. foliacea, Montagu in Wern. Mem. ii. 92, tab. xii. Hab. On sea-weeds and rocks near low-water-mark, common. Sponge greatly compressed, compact, white, oval, generally about half an inch in height on our coast. Montagu says, this species " is always observed to be pendent," but this is not uniformly the case, and indeed we have found it in situations where to grow pendent was a physical impossibility. . G. botryoides, small, white, clustered, irregularly branched tubular, minutely tomentose; branches oblong, cylindrical, with a terminal simple orifice; spicula tri-radiate. G. botryoides, Flem. Brit. Anim. 525. Spongia botryoides, Soland. Zooph. 190, tab. 58, fig. 1, 4; Turt. Lin. iv. 660; Lam. Hist. Nat. ii. 382.