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In Baptismal formularies also, when there is no direct exorcism or adjuration, there is far more mention of Satan and his might, and the power which he had, and would, but for Christ, yet have over us, than in our own, which through the interference of Bucer, has unhappily been maimed, the direct exorcism having been omitted, and nothing substituted for it.

Thus in the Coptic (Assem. i. 153). "We beseech Thy goodness, Thou lover of men, that by the mystery of Thy Holy name, thou wilt repel and restrain all the adverse and wicked spirits and powers, for Thou hast called Thy servants, who come from darkness to light, from death to life, from error to acknowledgment of truth, and from worship of idols to the knowledge of Thee, O God of truth. Search the secret corners of their hearts. Thou who searched Jerusalem with candles (Zeph. i. 12.), and permit not the evil spirit to lurk in them, but grant them purity and salvation; give them everlasting salvation, regenerate them with the washing of regeneration and remission of sins and make them a temple for Thy Holy Spirit through Thy only begotten Son." (And again p. 156), "destroy in them all power of the enemy," &c. (and p. 157 and p. 162) "expel every work of Satan from him," (and p. 164, beginning as in p. 153), "and if any wickedness of Satan lurk in him, lay it open and expel it from the soul and body of Thy faithful servant, who believes in Thy Holy Name; renew his life, and make him fit to receive the light and seal of Thy Christ, and the gift of Thy Holy and consubstantial Spirit, and put on the robe of salvation, the shield of faith, against which our enemy cannot prevail" (and p. 165) "Save, O Lord, this Thy creature, and free him from the slavery of the enemy" (and p. 166) "Let the angels of light guard his life, that he may be freed from all the evils of the adversary, from the demon ofthemid day (Ps. xc. 5,6. Sept.) and the arrow that fleeth at noon-day. Take away and remove from him every unclean, every malignant spirit, which troubleth his heart; the spirit of error and of all wickedness; the spirit of love of money and idolatry; the spirit of lying, and every foul thing, which is practised from the teaching of Satan: make him a sheep of the holy flock of Thy Christ, an elect member of Thy holy Church," &c.

This varied and repeated reference to the doctrine of the power of the "prince of this world," over such as are not rescued from his dominion, implies a conviction of its reality, as strong as even the direct and formal Exorcism.

In the Armenian Liturgy again (altogether very brief) is the prayer, "O Lord God, great and glorified by all creatures, this Thy servant, fleeing to Thy Almighty and terrible name, hath humbled his head to Thy holy name to which every knee of things in heaven, and in earth, and under the earth, doth bow; that every tongue may confess that Thou, Jesus Christ, art the Lord, in the glory of the Father and the Holy Spirit. May he be partaker of the fruit of that Thy terrible name, which hath repelled the snares of the enemy, and the perverseness of idolatry. and baffles all the snares of the devil. Look upon him, O Lord, in Thy mercy, and through the all-powerful invocation of Thee drive far away from him all secret thoughts, words, and works, which come from unclean spirits; and all fraud whereby deceiving spirits are wont to deceive and destroy men, so that, terrified by Thy victorious might, they may be restrained and tormented by invisible chastisements: let them be banished from him by (this) adjuration, as as never to return. Fill him with heavenly grace," &c.—Assem. p. 170, 1.

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