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 in his position is more than made up for by the good he does. Another man performs the duties of a spiritual pastor, though at the bottom of his heart he does not believe all that he teaches, but he allows himself a deviation from the truth in consideration of all that he does. A third gives instruction in literature, and in spite of the suppression of the truth that is inevitable, that he may not stir up the Government and society against him, has no doubt of his usefulness. A fourth openly struggles with the existing order as a revolutionary or as an anarchist, and is fully persuaded that the object he is pursuing is so beneficial that the suppression of truth, and even lying, essential for the success of his efforts, does not destroy the usefulness of his work. That the order of life opposed to the conscience of men should change and be replaced by one that is in accord with it, it is necessary that the public opinion of the past should be replaced by new and living opinion.

For the old outlived public opinion to make way for that which is new and living, it is necessary that men who recognize the new requirements of life should speak of them openly. Yet the men who recognize these new requirements—one for the sake of one thing, another for the sake of something else—not merely refrain from speaking openly of them, but in word and deed maintain what is 97