Page:Timber and Timber Trees, Native and Foreign.djvu/299

XXXIV.] {| Transverse Experiments. of the specimen. weight required to break each piece. gravity. reduced to specific gravity 600. required to break 1 square inch. apparatus weighing 390 lbs. weight was removed. the crisis of breaking. —The whole of these broke with a moderate length of fracture and splintery.
 * rowspan=2|Number
 * rowspan=2|Number
 * colspan=3|Deflections.
 * rowspan=2|Total
 * rowspan=2|Specific
 * rowspan=2|Weight
 * rowspan=2|Weight
 * With the
 * With the
 * After the
 * At
 * Inches.
 * Inches.
 * Inches.
 * lbs.
 * lbs.
 * 1
 * 2.00
 * 1.75
 * 4.50
 * 630
 * 424
 * 891
 * 157.5
 * 2
 * 2.00
 * 1.65
 * 5.00
 * 636
 * 432
 * 882
 * 159.0
 * 3
 * 2.00
 * 1.85
 * 4.50
 * 684
 * 464
 * 884
 * 171.0
 * 4
 * 1.75
 * 1.65
 * 4.50
 * 660
 * 444
 * 892
 * 165.0
 * 5
 * 2.25
 * 2.00
 * 3.75
 * 552
 * 435
 * 761
 * 138.0
 * 6
 * 2.75
 * 2.10
 * 5.75
 * 598
 * 411
 * 873
 * 149.5
 * Total
 * 12.75
 * 11.00
 * 28.00
 * 3760
 * 2610
 * 5183
 * 940.0
 * Average
 * 2.125
 * 1.833
 * 4.66
 * 626.6
 * 435
 * 864
 * 156.66
 * }
 * 5183
 * 940.0
 * Average
 * 2.125
 * 1.833
 * 4.66
 * 626.6
 * 435
 * 864
 * 156.66
 * }
 * }

The above-mentioned specimens were all of good quality, well seasoned, and taken from trees of 6 to 8 feet in circumference. It will be observed that the specific gravity and breaking strains varied only in a slight degree. By the formulæ—

Experiments were also made to test the transverse strength of a series of seven pieces (Table CXLIX.) cut from a plank 2 inches thick, taken out of the middle or centre part of the butt-end of a tree, the centre piece ʘ being made to include the pith (Fig. 30).