Page:Thomas Patrick Hughes - Notes on Muhammadanism - 2ed. (1877).djvu/183

162 701), Jalálain ( 911), Baghawi ( 515), Mazhári ( 1225), Hoseini ( 900).

(6.) Síyar.—Ecclesiastical history, i. e. the history of Muhammad and his successors. This branch of literature, Sayyid Ahmad Khan of Aligarh says, "is the one which requires the most emendation."

The chief authorities on the life of Muhammad and early days of Islám, in addition to the Hadís, are Ibn Isháq, Ibn Hishám, Wáqidi, and Tabarí; whilst the most popular histories amongst the Sunnis of India are the Rawzat-ul-Ahbáb, by ʾAtaa Ullah ibn Fazl Ullah, 1000, and the Madárij-un-Nabuwat, by Shekh Abdul Haqq,  1025.

In addition to his theological studies, the Muhammadan student is instructed in Mantiq (logic), Sarf (inflexion), and Nahw (syntax).

The text of a book is called Matan, the marginal notes Hashíyah, and its commentary Sharh.