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 and cold, having 0° for freezing and 100° for boiling. As there are 180° Fahrenheit, 80° Réaumur and 100° Centigrade between freezing and boiling, the divisions are therefore as 9° F. to 4° R. and 5° C.

To change from degrees of F. above the freezing point to the other systems deduct 32, divide the remainder by 9 and multiply by 4 or by 5 respectively. To change from C. to F. divide by 5, multiply by 9 and add 32, etc. As the metric system is gradually being introduced everywhere instead of the old systems for weights and measures, so also is the Centigrade thermometer being substituted for the others and in cookery it may soon be used exclusively.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES

1 pound = 16 ounces = 453.6 grams 1 ounce = 16 drams = 28.35 grams 1 kilogram = 1000 grams = 2.2 pounds 1 gram = 15.43 grains = .035 ounces

1 gallon = 4 quarts = 3.785 liters 1 quart = 2 pints =.9464 liters 1 pint = 16 fluid ounces = .4731 liters 1 fluid ounce = 8 drams = 29.57 c.c. 1 liter = 1000 cubic centimeters = 1.0567 quarts

1 mile = 5280 feet = 1.6 kilometer 1 foot = 12 inches = .3048 meter 1 kilometer = 1000 meters = .6214 mile 1 meter = 100 centimeters = 39.37 inches

1 acre = 43,560 sq. ft. = .4047 hectare 1 sq. ft. = 144 sq. inches = 9.29 sq. decimeters 1 hectare. = 10,000 sq. meters = 2.471 acres 1 square meter = 100 sq. decimeters = 10.764 sq. ft.