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Rh tlie first attempts at exegesis. In the most ancient redaction of the Yajur-Veda, which is pre-eminently the Veda that bears on ritual, in the Black Yajus, as it is called, these two parts are still mixed up together. Finally, of each Veda there existed several recensions called gdkhcis, or branches, between which there appeared very considerable discrepancies at times. 2 I. Of this literature there have been published, with critical elaborations, First, the Rig- Veda — (a.) Samhita : Rig - Veda - Sanhita, together with the commentary of Sayaiiacharya, edited by Max Miiller, 6 vols, in 4to, 1849-74. A reprint without thecommeutary, The Hymns of the Rig- Veda in Sanhita and Pada Texts, 1 873, Die Hymnen des Rigveda, herausgegeben von Th, Aufrecht, 2 vols. 8vo, 1861-63, form- ing vols, vi., vii., of the Indische Stu- dien, and of which a second edition was issued in 1 877. These were trans- lated into French by A. Langlois, 1848-51, reprinted in 1872 ; into English by H. H. Wilson and E. B. Co well, 1850-63, reprinted in 1868, and by Max Miiller in 1869 (first vol- ume only) ; into German by A. Lud- wig, 1876-79, and by H. Grassmann, 1876-77. An edition of the text, with translations into English and Marhatti, The Vedarthayatna by Shankar Pandit, has since i2>'j6 been in the course of publication at Bom- bay. Of an edition of the text be- gun by E. Roer in the Bibliotheca Indica (Calcutta, 1 848), and accom- panied with a commentary and a translation into English, there have appeared only four parts. (6.) Brahmana : The Aitareya Brahmanam of the Rigveda, edited and translated by M. Hang, 2 vols. 8vo, Bombay, 1 863. A more cor- rect edition has just been issued by Th. Aufrecht, Das Aitareya Brah- mana mit Ausziigen aus dem Com- mentare von Sayanacarya, Bonn, 1879. The Aitareya Aranyaka, with the commentary of Sayana Acharya, edited by Rajendralala Mitra, Cal- cutta, 1876 (Biblioth. Indica). The Aranyakas are supplements to the Brahmanas. 2. The Atharva-Veda. (a.) Sarnliita: Atharva Veda San- hita, herausgegeben von R. Eolh und W. D. Whitney, 1855-56. [h.) Brahmana : The Gopatha Brahmana of the Atharva-Veda, edited by Rajendralala Mitra and Harachandra Vidyabhushana, Cal- cutta, 1872 (Biblioth. Indica). 3. The Sama-Veda. (a.) Sarnhitas ; Die Hymnen des Sama-Veda, herausgegeben, iibersezt und mit Glossar versehen, von Th. Benfey, 1848. This work has thrown into the shade the prior edition and, English translation by J. Stevenson, 1841-43. Sama Veda Sanhita, with the commentary of Sayana Acharya, edited by Satyavrata Samagrami, Calcutta, 1S74 (Biblioth. Indica). This edition, which has reached the fifth volume, comprehends all the liturgical collections of the Sama- Veda, as well as the Ganas, that is to say, the texts in the form of anthems. (b.) Brahmanas : The Tanclya Mahabrahmana, with the commentary of Sayana Acharya, edited by Anandachandra Vedantavagiga, 2 vols., Calcutta, 1870-74 (Biblioth. Indica). The final section of the Shadvim9abrahmana has been published and commented on by A. Weber, Zwei Vedische Texte iiber Omina und Portenta, in the Memoirs of the Academy of Berlin, 1858. Some short Brahmanas of this Of these recensions, in so far as