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 400 APPENDIX. Note 3. — Napoleon laid great stress on the military value of leaven bread as compared with biscuit, going even the length of providing in some instances that bodies of masons competent to build baking ovens should accompany the march of his troops. NOTES TO CHAPTER III. Note I. — Our Indian establishments included a most able com- missariat force — one organised upon the military plan, and versed in great transactions. It was not in Hindostan exclusively, but in other vast regions, as, e.g., in China and Persia, that England used for war purposes her splendid Indian establishments. The admirably managed expedition of 1868 against Abyssinia was maintained by English money, but owed its arrangements to Anglo-Indian organisation, and Anglo-Indian experience. Note 2. — That one of them, however — Sir Frederick Elliot — had both the gifts and the experience which must have enabled him to render invaluable services in constructing the machinery of the new War Department, see Note 33 post, p. 406. To show how strong the permanent Staff of the Colonial Office was in intellectual power, I need do no more than say that it com- prised, amongst others, Herman Merivale and Frederick (after- wards Sir Frederick) Elliot (both now, alas ! no more), Frederick Rogers (now Lord Blachford), Henry (now Sir Henry) Taylor, and Clinton (now Sir Clinton) Murdoch. Note 3. — Evidence of Mr Sidney Herbert, 4th Rep., Sebas. Coram., 19, 756. Mr Sidney Herbert, though presiding over this somewhat powerless office, was a member of the Cabinet; and, his personal qualities ensuring him great weight with his col- leagues, he proved able to render excellent service in the business of the war ; but his power of doing all this good resulted, as I have said, from his personal qualities, and not from any strength that there was in the office he chanced to hold. If only for the frank, courageous, and unswerving support that he gave to Miss Nightingale's great enterprise, his memory would be dear to the country. Note 4. — The principal instrument used for establishmg the authority of the genuine State Sovereign as compared with the personal monarch was— not the Act of Parliament which passed in 1870, but — the Order in Council of .Juno in that year. Further Orders in Council were, however, found necessaiy; and it was considered by him on whom I securely rely that 1872 was the year when the cliange could first be treated as complete.