Page:The history of medieval Europe.djvu/701




 * Aachen, 88, 209, 212-13, 271, 398
 * Aargau, 542
 * Abacus, 375
 * Abano, see Peter of
 * Abbas, 180
 * Abbassid dynasty, 180, 184, 198, 309, 549
 * Abbot, 161-63, 264, 361, 481, 484, 534; and see Monasticism
 * Abd-er-Rahman I, 180
 * Abd-er-Rahman III, 180, 188-89
 * Abel, 97
 * Abelard, 379-83, 396
 * Absolution, papal, 297; and see Indulgences
 * Absolutism, 28-30, 70, 131, 187, 199, 209, 459, 469, 49o, 572, chap. xxxiii
 * Abu-Bekr, 180
 * Abyssinia, 138, 174, 393, 609
 * Academic degrees, 378, 389
 * Academic dress, 392
 * Academy of Plato, 380
 * Accolade, 252
 * Acre, 321-23
 * Adam, 3
 * Adam of Bremen, 376
 * Adelard of Bath, 383-84, 388
 * Adige River, 342
 * Administration, Roman, 27, 70-71, 256; survives barbarian invasions, 86, 117, 121, 154; influences ecclesiastical organization, 1 14-15; Byzantine, 131, 135; reformed by Justinian, 140-41; Frankish, 203, 205, 256; Flemish municipal, 365; university, 391; papal, 434; of Frederick II in Sicily, 469-70; Anglo-Norman, 474; Capetian, 491-92, 507-10, 519; in German principalities, 615; Spanish, 631
 * Admiralty, courts of, 336
 * Adolf of Nassau, 538, 541
 * Adrianople, battle of, 75-76, 80, 88; taken by Turks, 556
 * Adriatic Sea, 12, 17, 53, 80, 118, 226, 308, 314, 341-43, 345, 353, 442, 583
 * Advowson, 282
 * Ægean Sea, 17, 19, 21, 26, 34, 54, 229, 465, 553-54
 * Ægidius, 88
 * Æneas, 97, 407
 * Æneas Sylvius, see Pope Pius II


 * Æneid, 412
 * Æschylus, 21, 24, 65
 * Æthiopia, 138
 * Æthiopic, 407
 * Aëtius, 83-86, 88
 * Africa, 19, 40, 114, 188-90, 633; circumnavigation of, 15, 394-95, 608-11; trade with central, 20, 34, 184
 * Africa, North, 10, 14, 19-20, 23; Roman, 33-36, 39, 66, 68, 75, 79-81, 83, 86; Christian, 95-96, III; Vandal, chap, vii, 128; Byzantine, 135-39, 150, 155, 157; Mohammedan, 178, 180, 182, 188, 190, 209, 216, 226, 229, 298, 302, 313, 328, 357, 376, 633
 * Africa, of Petrarch, 588
 * Agesilaus, 21
 * Agincourt, battle of, 526
 * Agriculture, Roman, 36-37; monastic, 162-63; Scandinavian, 217; manorial, 233-37; of Slavs, 305; medieval, 320, 327, 336, 358, 362, 364, 367-68, 486, 515-16, 631
 * Aidan, 166
 * Aimeri, Viscount of Thouars, 508
 * Aistulf, King of the Lombards, 196-97
 * Aix-la-Chapelle, see Aachen
 * Alamanni, 75, 79, 88-90, 119, 122, 136, 166-67, 194, 213
 * Alamannia, 212; and see Suabia
 * Alani, 75-77, 79, 81, 91, 117
 * Alaric I, King of the West Goths, 79-82, 92, 95, 112, 115, 122, 291
 * Alaric II, 122
 * Alava, 304
 * Alba, 404
 * Albania, 151, 554
 * Albert the Bear, Margrave of Brandenburg, 305
 * Albert I, of Austria, Holy Roman Emperor, 538
 * Albert II, 540, 571
 * Alberti, Leon Battista, 599
 * Albertus Magnus, 385-86, 451
 * Albi, 442