Page:The grammar of English grammars.djvu/813

 "façade," "Alençon." In Worcester's Dictionary, it is attached to three other letters, to denote their soft sounds: viz., "[Ģ] as J; [Ş] as Z; [¸x] as gz."

☞ [Oral exercises in punctuation should not be confined to the correction of errors. An application of its principles to points rightly inserted, is as easy a process as that of ordinary syntactical parsing, and perhaps as useful. For this purpose, the teacher may select a portion of this grammar, or of any well-pointed book, to which the foregoing rules and explanations may be applied by the pupil, as reasons for the points that occur.]

IMPROPRIETIES FOR CORRECTION.

FALSE PUNCTUATION.&mdash;MIXED EXAMPLES OF ERROR.

"The principal stops are the following:

The Comma the semicolon  the colon  the period, or fall stop (.) the note of interrogation (?) the note of exclamation (!) the parenthesis and the dash (&mdash;) [.]"&mdash;Bullions, E. Gram., p. 151; Pract. Les., p. 127. "The modern punctuation in Latin is the same as in English. The marks employed, are the Comma ; Semicolon ; Colon ; Period (.); Interrogation (?); Exclamation (!)."&mdash;Bullions, Lat. Gram., p. 3.

"Plato reproving a young man for playing at some childish game; you chide me, says the youth, for a trifling fault. Custom, replied the philosopher, is no trifle. And, adds Montagnie, he was in the right; for our vices begin in infancy."&mdash;Home's Art of Thinking, (N. Y. 1818,) p. 54.

"A merchant at sea asked the skipper what death his father died? 'My father,' says the skipper, my grandfather, and my great-grandfather, were all drowned. 'Well,' replies the merchant, and are not you afraid of being drowned too?'"&mdash;Ib., p. 135.

"The use of inverted comma's derives from France, where one Guillemet was the author of them; [and] as an acknowledgement for the improvement his countrymen call them after his name GUILLEMETS."&mdash;History of Printing, (London, 1770,) p. 266.

"This, however, is seldom [sic&mdash;KTH] if ever done unless the word following the possessive begins with s; thus we do not say, 'the prince' feather,' but, 'the prince's feather.'"&mdash;Bullions, E. Gram., p. 17. "And this phrase must mean the feather of the prince but princesfeather written as one word is the name of a plant: a species of amaranth."&mdash;See Key.

"Böëthius soon had the satisfaction of obtaining the highest honour his country could bestow."&mdash;Ingersoll's Gram. 12mo., p. 279. "Boethius soon had," &c.&mdash;Murray's Gram., 8vo, Vol. ii., p. 83.

"When an example, a quotation, or a speech is introduced, it is separated from the rest of the sentence either by a semicolon or a colon; as, &lsquo;The scriptures give us an amiable representation of the Deity, in these words; God is love.&rsquo;"&mdash;Hiley's Gram., p. 116. "Either the colon or semicolon may be used when an example, a quotation, or a speech is introduced; as, &lsquo;Always remember this ancient maxim; Know thyself.&rsquo; &lsquo;The scriptures give us an amiable representation of the Deity, in these words: God is love.&rsquo;"&mdash;Bullions, E. Gram., p. 155.

"The first word of a quotation, introduced after a colon [, must begin with a capital]; as, always remember this ancient maxim: &lsquo;Know thyself.&rsquo;"&mdash; Bullions, E. Gram., p. 159; Lennie's Gram., p. 106. [Lennie has "Always" with a capital.] "The first word of a quotation, introduced after a colon, or when it is in a direct form: as, 'Always remember this ancient maxim: Know thyself.' 'Our great lawgiver says, Take up thy cross daily, and follow me.'"&mdash;Murray's Gram., 8vo, p. 284. "8. The first word of a quotation, introduced after a colon, or when it is in a direct form. EXAMPLES.&mdash;'Always remember this ancient maxim, 'Know thyself.' 'Our great Lawgiver says, Take up thy cross daily, and follow me.'"&mdash;Weld's Gram., Abridged., p. 17

"Tell me in whose house do you live."&mdash;N. Butler's Gram., p. 55. "He, that acts wisely, deserves praise."&mdash;Ib., p. 50 "He, who steals my purse, steals trash."&mdash;Ib., p. 51. "The antecedent is sometimes omitted, as, 'Who steals my purse, steals trash;' that is, he who, or person who."&mdash;Ib., p. 51. "Thus, 'Whoever steals my purse steals trash;' 'Whoever does no good does harm.'"&mdash;Ib., p. 53 "Thus, 'Whoever sins will suffer.' This means that any one without exception who sins will suffer."&mdash;Ib., p. 53.

"Letters form syllables, syllables words, words sentences, and sentences, combined and connected form discourse."&mdash;Cooper's Plain and Practical Gram., p. 1. "A letter which forms a perfect sound, when uttered by itself, is called a vowel, as: a, e, i."&mdash;Ib., p. 1. "A proper noun is the name of an individual, as: John; Boston: Hudson; America."&mdash;Ib., p. 17.

"Many men have been capable of doing a wise thing, more a cunning thing, but very few a generous thing."&mdash;P. Davis's Gram., p. 96. "In the place of an ellipsis of the verb a comma must be inserted."&mdash;Ib., p. 121. "A common noun unlimited by an article is sometimes understood in its broadest acceptation: thus, &lsquo;Fishes swim&rsquo; is understood to mean all fishes. &lsquo;Man is mortal,&rsquo; all men."&mdash;Ib., p. 13.

"Thus those sounds formed principally by the throat are called gutturals. Those formed principally by the palate are called palatals. Those formed by the teeth, dentals&mdash;those by the lips, labials&mdash;those by the nose, nasals, &c."&mdash;P. Davis's Gram., p. 113.

"Some adjectives are compared irregularly; as, Good, better, best. Bad, worse, worst. Little, less, least."&mdash;Felton's Gram., 1st Ed., p. 63; Ster. Ed., p. 66.

"Under the fourth head of grammar, therefore, four topics will be considered, viz. PUNCTUATION, ORTHOEPY, FIGURES, and VERSIFICATION."&mdash; Hart's Gram., p. 161. "Direct her onward to that peaceful shore,   Where peril, pain and death are felt no more!" Falconer's Poems, p. 136; Barrett's New Gram., p. 94