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 British Government. It is proposed to deal with those States which are under treaty, or in alliance with the Empire, and with those Chiefs who are entitled to receive salutes—varying from twenty-one guns, as the Nizam of Hyderabad, and the Maharajas of Mysore and Baroda, to nine guns, as some of the Rajas of Central India and Kathiawar.

There is much difference in the origin of the various principalities. The great States of Bajputana—viz., Udaipur, Jaipur, and Jodhpur, the representatives respectively of the Sisodia, Kachwaha, and Rahtor clans, are of immemorial antiquity, tracing their lineage back to mythical legends. To these families belong also the Rajput States of Bikanir (Rahtor), Rewah (Baghel), Rutlam (Rahtor), Sitamau (Rahtor), Jhalawar (Jhala), and Kota (Hara), and many tributaries scattered over Rajputana, Central India, and Kathiawar, with a few such as Mandi, Sirmur, Chamba, and Suket, in the Punjab.

The Mahratta States, Baroda, Gwalior, Indore, and Kolhapur, are held by descendants of Mahratta leaders under Shivaji and the Peishwa. They date from the beginning of the nineteenth century, when the Mahratta power began to wane, and when the Chiefs of these States, throwing off their allegiance to the Mahratta union, after various conflicts with the Mogul Empire and the growing power of the British, were glad to come under the protection of the East India Company, and to enter into the treaties offered to them by Sir John Malcolm in Central India, and by Elphinstone in the Deccan and Gujerat

The Nizam of Hyderabad, the premier Chief in India, ruling a territory 80,000 square miles in area, with a population of 11,000,000, and a revenue of about £2,500,000, is the descendant of a Turkoman noble named Chin Killich Khan (Asaf Jah), who was appointed by the Emperor of Delhi, in A.D. 1718, as Viceroy of the Deccan, with the title of Nizam-ul-Mulk. After the death of the Emperor Aurungzeb, Asaf Jah asserted