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This chapter presents an evaluation of Directive 2001/29/EC on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the digital information society. The Directive entered into force on 22 June 2001, and its objectives were twofold: (1) to adapt legislation on copyright and related rights to reflect technological developments; and (2) to transpose into community law the main international obligations arising from the two treaties on copyright and related rights adopted within the framework of the World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO) in December 1996. The Directive was one of the centrepieces of the original Lisbon Agenda of 2000. The renewed Lisbon Agenda aims at fostering economic prosperity, jobs and growth, in particular by boosting the knowledge-based economy, and by enhancing the quality of community regulation (“better regulation”). In doing so, the original Lisbon aim of making the European Union “the most dynamic and competitive knowledge-based economy in