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 and villages; so that the peeple, when they shut up their houses at night, used to kneel down and pray that God would protect them from robbers and murderers.

49. At last, it was settled that Stephen should keep the crown as long as he lived; but that Matilda's son, Henry Plantagenet, should succeed him; and, soon after this arrangement, he died, having reigned nineteen years.

QUESTIONS.

1. How did the Normans improve the country?

3. What is the origin of the game laws?

5. How was the New Forest made?

8. Which reigns are called the Norman period?

15. When a baron died, how were his lands disposed of?

18. How did the lesser barons become vassals of the great ones?

21. What new feudal customs were brought here by the Normans?

23. Who succeeded William the Conqueror?

28. What was chivalry?

31. Give some account of the Crusades.

35. Who succeeded William Rufus?

36. How did he gain popularity?

43. What was the first manufacture in England?

45. To whom did Henry leave the crown?

46. Who usurped the throne?