Page:The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland from the twelfth to the eighteenth century (1887) - Volume 1.djvu/427

 THE DEAN CASTLE - 407 THIRD PERIOD The parapet has, like Craigmillar, no projecting corbel table, and there do not appear to have been any turrets or bartizans at the angles. Originally there was probably only one story above the parapet walk, similar to that at Borthwick, but the upper part of the keep has been much altered in the sixteenth century, probably .at the time when the other additions, about to be referred to, were made to the buildings in the courtyard. As above mentioned, the extended buildings were almost certainly erected by Lord Boyd about 1468-9- The great tower at the south- western angle of the enceinte, with its bold corbels and stone roof (Figs. 351 and 352), are in the style of that period, while the extended accommodation provided by the new buildings corresponds with the tendency of the times. The ground floor (Fig. 348) contains a large kitchen, with spacious fireplace and oven, and various cellars and offices, all vaulted, while on the first floor (see Plan, Fig. 349) are situated a large hall, with private room adjoining, besides the apartment in the south-west tower. The latter may have been used as a guard-room, as it has a door leading out to the parapet walk of the wall of enceinte, and also to the newel staircase, which runs to the top of the tower. This tower is five stories high, and is vaulted on the top story so as to support the stone roof. The intermediate wooden floors are now all gone. The hall was in all likelihood approached originally by an outside staircase from the courtyard, similar to that of Doune Castle, but in the middle of the seventeenth century a narrow building was erected along the eastern side of the hall containing a new entrance and staircase. The view in the courtyard (Fig. 352) shows how this new building was applied against the old, and also the panel which contained the coat of arms and name of the builder. Grose states that in his time one could read the following inscription : JAMES LORD OF KILMARNOCK DAME CATHERINE CREYK LADY BOYD. The monogram of Lord James and his Dame is still distinguishable. This Lord Kilmarnock died in 1654. In his time great alterations and additions seem to have been carried out. The windows of the outer hall were enlarged (Fig. 350), and the upper part of the keep was raised a story, with new gables and roof, and a cape house added on the top of the staircase. In 1735 the lower castle was completely destroyed by an accidental fire, and has remained in ruins ever since. The Dean is now the property of the Duke of Portland. The massive keep of the Dean strongly recalls that of Craigmillar, while the castle, as a whole, somewhat resembles that of Doune in the