Page:The castellated and domestic architecture of Scotland from the twelfth to the eighteenth century (1887) - Volume 1.djvu/268

 THIRD PERIOD 248 NEWARK CASTLE Archibald, Earl of Douglas, dated 1423, it is called the "new Werk," in distinction from an older castle which has now disappeared. It may therefore be regarded as belonging to the beginning of the fifteenth century. Newark was the Royal hunting-seat in the forest of Ettrick, and bears the Royal arms on the shield in the west gable, of which an enlarged sketch is given (Fig. 203). It was attacked and taken by the English in 1548. In 1645 one hundred prisoners taken on the field of Philiphaugh, which lies within a few miles of it, were shot in the court- yard, and in 1650 it was occupied by Cromwell's troops. The Barons of Buccleuch were the Captains of Newark from an early date. Anna, the Duchess of Monmouth and Buccleuch, and wife of the famous Duke of Monmouth, who was beheaded under James vn., resided here after his death, and it is during her time that Scott here introduces the " last Minstrel," and makes him sing his mournful lay. FIG. 204. Newark Castle. Plan of Ground Floor. Newark is a massive oblong keep (Fig. 204), 65 feet by 40 feet, with walls 10 feet in thickness. The basement is vaulted, and sufficiently high to contain the usual loft in the vault. Above this there are four stories, which had wooden floors, now entirely gone. The original entrance was on the first floor ; the doorway still remains above the present modern entrance on the ground floor (Fig. 203), where, however,