Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/761

 BOROUGH OF GUILDFORD

��heir was entrusted to the custody of Ralph de Broc by King Henry III. 1 " Richard Testard was holding at the time of the Testa de Nevi//. 1 " A list of tenants holding land of him is given. In 1254 Thomas de la Puille held a serjeancy in Guildford by grant from Richard Testard " 5 ; this had formerly been held by the service of looking after the washerwomen of the king's court, but at this date was held by annual rent of 25/., and was valued at loo/." 6 In 1299 Walter de la Poyle died seized of what was then definitely styled the manor of Poyle."' The inquisition taken

����POYLE. Gulit a taltirt urgent in a border argent with roundels azure there-

��GAYNEJFORD. Argent a cheveron gules between three running greyhounds table "with golden collars.

��at his death seems to justify the identification of this manor with the entire holding of the Testard family, for several of the families given here are represented in the earlier list of tenants." 8

From this date the manor followed the descent of Poyle in Tongham for some years. In 1410 John de la Poyle conveyed the reversion after his death to Robert Warner, John Gaynesford, and others." 9 John de la Poyle died in 1423." In 1437-8 Richard Wakeryng, clerk, conveyed Poyle in Guildford, &c. (not Tongham), to Robert Warner and his heirs, John Gaynesford and John his son. 1 " Robert Warner died seised of it in 1439. There were then two corn- mills and two fulling-mills under one roof in the manor, view of frankpledge and court baron. 1 " John Gaynesford was heir of Robert Warner. The Gaynes- ford family held it till 1 49 1, when Richard Battenor, clerk, acquired it by common recovery from John Gaynesford and Alice his wife. 183 The lands were then as before in Guildford, Stoke, Chiddingfold, and Slyfield, and the patronage of the hospital of St. Thomas at Guildford was included. Thereafter there is a long gap. In 1595 John Eversfield died in possession. 1 " In 1624 the widow of his son Sir Thomas, and Sir Thomas her son, conveyed it to Harry Smith, and he in 1627 settled it on trustees for his well-known charitable foundation." 5

In the time of Symmes (circa 1670) the court leet and court baron were still held. 116

The church of ST. MARY consists

CHURCHES of a chancel, central tower, north

chapel and south chapel with apsidal

ends flanking the tower and half the chancel, nave,

north and south aisles, and north porch. 1 * 7

��The tower alone survives from the church of the 1 1 th century, which probably consisted only of chancel and western tower. There is no trace of an early nave, but one may have existed. The north and south transepts were added about 1 1 20. About twenty years later the chancel was rebuilt on a larger scale and, forty to fifty years later still, narrow aisles were added, and the nave was added or rebuilt if already existing, and the two chapels added, their width being governed by the earlier transepts.

Early in the I3th century the passages between the chapels and the sanctuary may have been cut. The stair-turret between the chancel and the south chapel was probably built at the same time. About the same date the vaulting of the chancel was made, the unequal width of the east and west bays being governed by that of the side arches.

About 1260 the side walls of the aisles were brought out to the line of the chapel walls, and wider arches were inserted between the aisles and the chapels.

In the 1 4th century a large number of windows were inserted ; and possibly at the same time the floor line of the church was altered from an east-to- west slope to an easier slope, with flights of steps leading to the chapels and chancel.

The 1 5th-century alterations include some of the windows and the re-roofing of the church throughout. Modern restoration is responsible for the refacing of the whole church, except the tower and the east end, and the replacing of almost all the exterior stonework of the windows.

The chancel has a I ^th-century east window of five cinquefoiled lights with tracery over, in a four- centred head. Below the window on the interior is a scroll-moulded string. On the north and south are to be seen the eastern jambs and part of the heads of two early 12th-century lights, blocked by the building of the chapel apses. The openings of the skew passages from the chapels are between these and the east wall. That on the north has a pointed arch at the north end and is roughly rounded at the chance' end. The proximity of the vice narrows the southern skew passage, which is pointed throughout. The north chapel opens to the chancel by an arch with responds which have been flattened to receive a. wooden screen. The capitals are scalloped, and the abaci grooved and chamfered. The pointed arch is of a simple square order with a grooved and chamfered label on each face. The corresponding arch on the south has square jambs with small engaged half-round shafts, having moulded bases and moulded bell capitals with grooved and hollow-chamfered abaci The arch is two-centred. A small round-headed squint from the western half of the south chapel pierces the west jamb and part of the shaft.

The chancel vault is of two bays, the eastern being about 2 ft. narrower than the western ; the trans- verse arch is of a single order, with edge rolls spring-

��" Testa de Netiill (Rec. Com.), 225.

""Ibid. 228.

116 Richard Testard granted lands in Guildford to Thomas de la Poyle in 1252 (Feet of F. Surr. 37 Hen. Ill, no.

"'Assize R. 872, m. 24 d. "7 Chan. Inq. p.m. 27 Edw. I, no. 44. 118 e.g. Fairchild, Gomme, Gerard, Gil- bert Marshall in the Testa and John Fitz

��Gilbert Marshall in the Injuisitio. The state of the inquisition makes it difficult to identify a large number of names.

119 Close, 2 Hen. VI, m. IO.

120 Chan. Inq. p.m. 2 Hen. VI, no. 26 ; (.',)/. Pat. 1422-9, p. 164.

' Feet of F. Surr. 16 Hen. VI, no. 215. lm Chan. Inq. p.m. 17 Hen. VI, no. 12. > De Banco R. East. 6 Hen. VII, m.

��152.

��563

��144 Manning and Bray, Surr. I, 17.

la5 Smith'. Char. D.

1M Add. MS. 6167, foL 189.

"< Dimensions : Chancel, 23 ft. 5 in. by

16 ft. 6 in. ; tower, 12 ft. 10 in. by

14 ft. 4 in. ; north chapel, 26 ft. 8 in. by

1 5 ft. 9 in. ; south chapel, 26 ft. 8 in. by

17 ft. II in.; nave, 46 ft. 4 in. by 17ft. 4 in.; north aisle, 14 ft. 9 in. wide ; south aisle 17 ft. 10 in. wide.

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