Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/704

 A HISTORY OF SURREY

��lived there. He sold it to Lord Huntingtower, heir apparent of the Earl of Dysart, who predeceased his father in 1833. In 1 8 34 it was sold by the executors of Lord Huntingtower to the Commissioners of Woods and Forests, by whom it was entirely destroyed and its grounds incorporated with the park. The site of the house was close to some cedars on the slope of the hill.

The present Petersham Lodge, a handsome Georgian mansion, has no relation to the original house ; it is situated close by the river bank and was purchased in 1902 by Sir Max Waechter to preserve the view from Richmond Hill, and presented to the Richmond Corporation, who leased it at a nominal rent to Queen Mary for a governesses' home.

PETERSH4M HOUSE, next to the church, is a brick structure dating from about 1680, but with later fittings. The entrance, hall was decorated by Verrio, but the painting has been badly restored. The house contains some good marble fireplaces by the Adams, one with marble inlay, and some good white marble reliefs by Flaxman. In the grounds is a curious narrow bridge of brick.

There are several good 1 8th-century houses in the village, such as Douglas House, once the residence of Lady Caroline Gilt the novelist, who died here in 1857, and Rutland House. Elm Lodge was a favourite summer retreat of Charles Dickens, who there wrote the greater part of Nicholas Nickleby.

At Bute House lived the Earl of Bute, minister of George III. The estate was bought by the late Mrs. Warde of Petersham House as a memorial to her father, in order to preserve the foreground of the view from Richmond Hill. The house has been demolished, the foundations alone being left to show its size and position. There are also several cottages of an early date, as the Farm Lodge with its shaped gables.

The Petersham Institute and Church Room, and the New Church, have been built on the Bute House Estate.

The Petersham Schools (British) were built by Lord John Russell in 1842, when he was living at Pem- broke Lodge in Richmond Park.

The first mention of PETERSH4M M4NOR occurs in the alleged grant from Frith- wold subregulus of Surrey and Bishop Erkenwald to Chertsey Abbey, 18 which included ten mansae at Petersham. This was confirmed by Athel- stan in 93 3,'" by Edgar in 967," and by Edward the Confessor in 1062." At the time of the Domesday Survey the Abbot of Chertsey held it in demesne for four hides, though in the time of Edward the Con- fessor it had been assessed for ten hides. There was a church and a fishery of 1,000 eels and 1,000 lam- preys." In 1 324 the abbot was granted protection in his manor in Petersham." In 1415 the Abbot of Chertsey surrendered this manor to the Crown,

��together with the advowson of Ewell," and the lordship of Petersham, annexed to the manor of Sheen (now Richmond), formed part of the jointure of Elizabeth Woodville, queen of Edward IV, in 1466." In 1479-80 the manor was held at farm by Robert RadclyfT,* 6 and in 1483-4 by Henry Dain." In 1518 the custody of the manor, together with Ham and Sheen, was leased by the Crown to Richard Brampton to hold for twenty years at a rental of 23 6s. 4</.,' 9 and this grant having been cancelled in 1522, the same manors were in that year leased for thirty years to Massi Villiarde, serjeant of the king's pleasure water, and Thomas Brampton, 19 the grant being subsequently renewed for forty years in the name of Sir Nicholas Carew. 80 In 1541 Henry VIII, on the occasion of his divorce from Anne of Cleves, granted to the latter the manors of Sheen, Petersham, and Ham with the Island of Crowell and Richmond Park to hold for life." In 1 546 Anne granted a lease of these estates at farm to David Vincent, steward of the king in his privy chamber, who in the reign of Edward VI made over the remainder of his interest in the same to Gregory Lovell, who was holding them in I 564." In 1607 " the same estates were granted at farm to Sir Thomas Gorges, who in 1608 transferred the lease to George Cole. 34 In 1610 the manor was granted by James I to Henry Prince of Wales," and after his death to trustees for Prince Charles," through whom it returned to the Crown. George Cole, the lessee, died at Petersham in 1624," and in 1629 the name of his widow, Frances Cole, appears on the court rolls as lady of the manor. 88 In 1635 the court baron and view of frankpledge were held in the name of Gregory Cole, son of the above, who mar- ried Jane daughter of William Blighe of Botathan, co. Corn- wall,' 9 and in this year con-

���COLI. Argent a bull fassant table in a border sable bezany.

��ceded to his brother Thomas Cole of the parish of St. Dunstan in the West, London, gentleman, all his capital messuage in Petersham with dovecotes and all tenements held by copy of court roll of the manor of Petersham. 40 In the next year, however, the court baron was held in the name of William Murray, who had received a lease from Queen Henrietta Maria, to whom Charles I had granted the manor, and to this court came the above-mentioned Gregory, Jane, and Thomas, and having been examined alone and secretly by the steward, surrendered up their tenancy of the above premises in Petersham. 41

William Murray had been the whipping-boy of Charles I while Prince of Wales, and continued his friend and favourite and his faithful supporter in his later adversities. In 1639, in consideration of the

��18 Birch, Cart. Sax. i, 64 ; Kemble, Corf. Difl. 988.

Kemble, Cad. Difl. 363.

469.
 * Ibid. 802 ; Birch, Cart. Sax. iii,

Kemble, Cod. Difl. 812.

V.C.H. Surr. i, 308.

38 Cal. Pat. 1324-7, p. 53.

41 Close, 3 Hen. V, m. 31 d.

Cal. Pat. 1461-7, p. 525 ; 14.67-77, p. 64.

��26 Wins. Accts. (Gen. Ser.), bdle. 1904, no. 5.

41, no. 799.
 * > Mint. Accti. Duchy of Lane. bdle.

Pat. 14 Hen. VIII, pt. i, m. 5.

L. and P. Hen. VIII, iii (2), p. 1 134 j Pat. 14 Hen. VIII, pt. i, m. ;.

80 Add. Chart. 22631.

' L. and P. Hen. fill, xvi, p. 717.

82 Memo. R. Mich. 6 Eliz. rot. 96.

88 Pat. 5 Ja. i, pt. xxvi, m. 20.

53

��84 Parl. Surv. Surr. no. 3 1. 84 Pat. 8 Ja. I, pt. xli, m. 2. 88 Pat. 14 Jas. I, pt. jut, m. 2. Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. 2), ccccvi, ;6.
 * f Mon. Inscr. Petersham Church ;

88 Manning and Bray, Hist, of Surr, \, 439-

89 Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. z), ccccvi, 56.

40 Ct. R. portf. 205, no. I.

41 Ibid.

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