Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/506

 A HISTORY OF SURREY

��The Mayford Industrial School, for destitute boys not convicted of crime, was established at Wandsworth in 1867, removed to Byfleet in 1871, and to its present site near the line to Guildford south of Wo- king Town in 1 886. It accommodates over one hundred boys, and has a farm and workshops. A cottage hospital was opened in 1893 in the Bath Road, and was transferred to quarters in the Chobham Road in 1897 as the Victoria Cottage Hospital, in commemoration of the Diamond Jubilee. St. Peter's Memorial Home, for sick poor, in connexion with the Kilburn Sisterhood, was opened in 1885 and enlarged in 1894, with additional rooms for ladies in bad health and narrow circumstances. At Brookwood is the Surrey County Asylum for Pauper Lunatics, opened in 1867 and much enlarged in 1903. It has a water tower 90 ft. high, which forms a con- spicuous landmark. The convict prisons, male and female, at Knapp Hill, first opened in 1859, are now transformed into barracks. An Orphanage for the children of servants of the London and South- Western Railway was opened close to Woking Junction in 1 909.

Woking Waterworks Company was established in 1882. It draws its chief supply from the chalk near Clandon.

Brookwood Necropolis adjoins the Brookwood Station. In 1854 a company purchased 2,000 acres in Woking and Pirbright, of which 400 acres have been laid out as a cemetery, and well planted with rhododendrons and conifers. In 1889 the Woking Crematorium was built. A public recreation ground was laid out in 1906-7 between Woking Town and Old Woking Village.

The oldest provided school in the village of Woking was opened in 1848 as a Church school. It was enlarged in 1901. St. John's was built as a Church school in 1870 and enlarged in 1876. Maybury was built in 1874, by the first elected School Board, and enlarged in 1881, 1886, and 1893. Knapp Hill was built in 1877, enlarged in 1884. Westfield was built in 1884, and enlarged in 1891 and 1895; the infants' school was built in 1896. Goldsworth Road was built in 1898.

The manor of WOKING seems to MANORS have been Crown property from very early times. When the Domesday Survey was taken Woking was in the king's hands, and the Confessor was also reported to have held it.* It remained in the hands of the Crown for several centuries. King John shortly after his accession made a grant of the manor of Woking to Alan Basset, 4 who held it for half a knight's fee. His eldest son Gilbert was holding it in 1236-7.' He died in 1242. It was held by his brother Fulk,' who was Bishop of

��London and died in 1259. His younger brother Philip succeeded.' On the death of Philip, who left no heirs male, the manor descended to Aliva his daughter, who was married twice. Her first husband was Hugh le Despenser the Justiciar, killed at Evesham, 8 to whom she bore the son who was afterwards popularly known as the elder Despen- ser. 9 She married, secondly, Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk, 10 against whom Elaine, wife of Philip Basset, brought a suit for the dower which she ought to have enjoyed in Woking Manor." Aliva's death, which occurred in 1281, was the signal for a dispute over her estates." The earl brought a suit against Hugh le Despenser, Aliva's son and heir, on the grounds that he himself had had issue by his wife, but withdrew his claim.' 3

Hugh le Despenser was executed in 1 3 26 in the troubled time when Edward II was deposed, and Woking reverted to the Crown. Edward III in the first year of his reign granted the manor of Woking, then said to have been forfeited by Hugh le Despenser, to his uncle, Edmund of Woodstock, Earl of Kent. 14 Under Mortimer's regime, however, Edmund was soon afterwards attainted and executed. 15 His son Edmund was restored in 1330, but died in 1333" while yet a minor, and was succeeded by his brother John. After John's death without issue in 1352" the manor became the right of his sister Joan, 18 then married to Sir Thomas Holand, who was summoned to Parliament as Earl of Kent in her right." But his widow Elizabeth kept part of it as dower till her death in 1410-11. The son of Joan and Thomas was Thomas, second Earl of Kent in the Holand line."

Joan died in 1 386, and although the king is named as her heir in the inquisition taken after her death," many of her lands apparently passed to her other son ; Thomas de Holand was certainly holding Woking at the time of his death some ten years later." In the next year the Despensers released to Thomas his son and heir all rights which they possessed in Woking Manor."

After the accession of Henry IV Thomas, whom Richard had created Duke of Surrey and whom Henry had deprived of the dignity, joined in the conspiracy of 1400 against the king and was beheaded as a traitor, and Woking was forfeited among his other lands. 14 Henry IV, however, restored it to Alice widow of Earl Thomas," and she continued to hold until her death in 1416." She left her husband's four sisters as co-heirs, and it seems as though some deed of partition must have been made, since Woking Manor remained intact in the possession of the Beaufort Dukes of Somerset,' 8 who descended from Margaret, one of the co-heirs aforesaid."

��. Surr. i, 296,7.

4 Rot. Chart. (Rec. Com.), 37 ; Testa de Nevill (Rec. Com.}, 225.

5 Pipe R. zi Hen. III.

6 Testa de Nevill (Rec. Com.), ii, 55.

" Chan. Inq. p.m. 9 Edw. I, no. 9 ; Plac. de Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 740. 8 Abbrev. Plac. (Rec. Com.), 200. Ibid. "Ibid.

11 Feet of F. Div. Co.c,6 Hen. Ill, no. 69.

��12 Abbrev. Plac. (Rec. Com.), 200. Ibid.

14 Chart. R. I Edw. Ill, m. 43, no. 82. u D:ct. Nat. Biog. xvi, 413. "Close, 6 Edw. Ill, m. 31. ] 7Chan. Inq. p.m. 26 Edw. Ill (lit nos.), no. 54. 18 Ibid.

"Diet. Nat. Siog. xxvii, 156. '"Inq. p.m. 12 Hen. IV, no. 35.

��1 1bid.

m Chan. Inq. p.m. 9 Ric. II, no. 54. 88 Ibid. 20 Ric. II, no. 30. 84 Close, 21 Ric. II, pt. ii, m. i8d. " Chan. Inq. p.m. 4 Hen. V, 51.
 * > Exch. Inq. file 160, no. 16.
 * Cal. Pat. 1399-1401, p. 392.
 * > Vide infra.

M G.E.C. Complete Peerage. See pedi- gree below.

��Margaret Holand

��= John (ist Earl of Somerset)

��1

Henry (Earl of Somerset) John

�(ist Duke of Somerset)

�Edmund (znd Duke)

�1

� � �1

� �Margaret = Edmund Tudor (Earl of Richmond)

� �Henry, ob. 1464

�1

Edmund, ob. 1471

�John,

� �382

� � � ��ob. 1471

�� �