Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/474

 A HISTORY OF SURREY

��circa 1280) is also called Nicholas de Hotham, which renders the tradition of his birthplace here more un- certain. John Occam (flourished circa 1 340) was a doctor of civil and canon law. William of Ock- ham was the most famous, and has the best claim to be a native of Surrey, if he was a fellow of Merton College, Oxford (which is very doubtful), for natives of the diocese of Chichester were not eligible for fellow- ships at Merton, so that Okeham in Sussex could not have been his birthplace, and Oakham in Rutland has never been mentioned as claiming him. His was the last great name among the schoolmen. He was a Nomina- list, but is better known for his controversy with the Popes John XXII and Benedict XII. The former he charged with seventy errors and seven heresies. He subsequently submitted, but the next pope admitted the incaution of his predecessor's language. Ockham warmly supported the Emperor, Lewis of Bavaria, the ally of Edward III, in his quarrel with the papacy on the imperial election. He died at Munich about 1349.

Evenwood House is the residence of Mr. B. Noel ; Southend, of Mr. W. H. Morgan.

In 1836 elaborate schools were planned by Ada, Lady King, daughter of Lord Byron. Besides the ordinary village school, they included workshops where the children were taught carpentry, the use of the lathe, and gardening. The subjects of school lessons were also more advanced than was then common in village schools, and there was a gymnasium. As children were attracted from neighbouring parishes, accommodation for boarders was provided. There were masters' houses, in one of which infants were taught up to seven years old. After Lord Lovelace had removed from Ockham to Horsley Towers they were superintended by the Misses Lushington, daughters of Dr. Lushington, who lived at Ockham Park. After his death they were unfortunately given up, in 1874, and an ordinary National School carried on in the same buildings, where it still continues.

At the time of the Domesday Survey MANOR OCKH4M Ma- nor was held by Richard de Tonbridge, 4 and it remained in the possession of the Clares for several cen- turies. It was part of the property surrendered by Gil- bert de Clare on his marriage with Joan of Acre, daughter of Edward I, 1290, and re- settled on her and her heirs. Gilbert died seised in right of his wife in 1 295,* and it passed with his other possessions to his wife Joan during the minority of his son Gilbert. About this time the manor was leased by Joan widow of Gilbert to a certain Jordan le Bacheler, who died in 1 297.'

���CLARE. Or thrti chtveront gulet.

��Joan herself died in 1307," leaving a son and heir Gilbert, then seventeen years of age. He died at Bannockburn without issue in 1314.*

The heirs of Gilbert de Clare were his three sisters : Eleanor wife of Hugh le Despenser, Margaret widow of Piers Gaveston, and Elizabeth formerly wife of John de Burgh. 10 In 1320 the sisters were confirmed in their possession, Margaret by that time having become the wife of Hugh de Audeley. 11 A division of the Clare lands took place in which Ock- ham must have fallen to Margaret's share, for in 1326 Ockham appears in the king's hands owing to the minority of Hugh de Audeley's heir." Margaret, the only child of Hugh de Audeley, became the wife of Ralph de Stafford, who paid a relief for her lands

����A D D L E Y. Gllltt a

fret or.

��STAFFORD. Or active-

��in 1347." The date of Margaret's death is doubtful : the inquisition taken in 1364 gives it as September 1 347," but since the king received homage for her lands in December of that year 1S this is evidently a mistake. It is, however, certain that she was succeeded by her son Hugh, 16 who died seised of the manor in 1387, leaving a son and heir Thomas, them aged eighteen." Thomas died without issue, and the manor passed in turn to his brothers William and Ed- mund. 18 Edmund was slain at Shrewsbury in 1403," fighting in the king's army. His son Humphrey, who was not quite two years old at the time of his father's death, was created Duke of Buckingham by Henry VI in 1444, and met his death at the battle of North- ampton in 1460.* His son Humphrey had been killed at the first battle of St. Albans five years before," so that the manor passed to his grandson Henry, then a child of four." Henry led the rebel- lion of 1483 against Richard III and was beheaded, 15 when hi lands were forfeited to the Crovrn." Ock- ham was granted to a certain William Cowper in re- turn for his services to the Crown," but he did not hold it for long.

After the accession of Henry VII, Edward son of Henry Stafford was restored as Duke of Buckingham," and had his father's estates on coming of age in 1499 ;" he was, however, beheaded for treason in 1521, and his lands were forfeited." Henry VIII granted Ockham in 1528 to John Bourchier, Lord Berners," who held the manor of West Horsley, and from him it passed

��>>y.C.H.Surr. i, 320*.

6 Chan. Inq. p.m. 24 Edw. I, no. 1072.

7 Ibid. 25 Edw. I, no. 19.

8 Ibid. 35 Edw. I, no. 47, pt. ii, m.

��36.

��Ibid. 8 Edw. II, no. 68.

"> Ibid.

11 Cal. Pat. 1317-24, p. 532.

"Ibid. 1324-7, p 273.

"Originalia R. 21 Edw. Ill, m. 25.

��"Chan. Inq. p.m. 37 Edw. HI, pt. i (ist no.), no. 67.

"Fine R. 21 Edw. Ill, m. 8.

16 Vide Inq. above.

"Chan. Inq. p.m. 10 Ric. II, no. 38.

18 Ibid. 22 Ric. II, no. 46 ; vide also G.E.C. Complete Peerage.

"Chan. Inq. p.m. 4 Hen. IV, no. 41 5 also G.E.C. op. cit.

20 Chan. Inq. p.m. 38 & 39 Hen. VI, no. 59 ; G.E.C Com f left Peerage.

360

��a G.E.C. Complete Peerage.

M Chan. Inq. p.m. 38 & 39 Hen. VI, no. 59.

Complete Peerage.
 * > Ibid. Ric. Ill, V. O. 00.17 ; G.E.C.

"Ibid.

86 Cal. Pat. 1476-85, p. 488.


 * G.E.C. Complete Peerage. *> Ibid.

88 Exch. Inq. p.m. file 1074, no. 5. Act of Attainder, 14-15 Hen. VIII, cap. 20.

M Pat. 19 Hen. VIII, pt. i, m. 18.

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