Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/449

 WOKING HUNDRED

��ASH

��The Royal Military College, founded by Frederick, Duke of York, was removed under his direction to Sandhurst, close to this neighbourhood (but in Berk- shire), in 1812. The houses which grew up near it in Surrey were called after him, York Town. When under a later royal commander-in-chief, the Duke of Cambridge, the Staff College was built in 1862, the extension of York Town was called Cambridge Town, but was soon changed to Camberley for postal convenience, and under that name has become the most important place of the district.

Schools (Provided) were built at York Town in 1883 ; at Camberley in 1897 ; at Camberley, Infants, in 1902. There is a Roman Catholic school, built in 1877. There was a Church school at York Town from 1818 to 1883.

Frimley, York Town, and Camberley form an urban

district under an Urban District Council, by the Act

of 1 894.

It seems probable that the manor of

MANORS 4SH (Esche, xii cent. ; Asshe, Assche,

xiv cent.) was included under Henley

in the land which the Domesday Commissioners say

that Azor granted for his soul to Chertsey in the time

of King William.' The fact that the parish was

known as Ash by Henley in

the 1 4th century "lends colour

to the suggestion that Henley

in early times was regarded as

the more important place. Ash was definitely asserted

to be the property of the ab-

bey in 1279, when the abbot

with his men was declared to

be quit of all forest dues in

his vill of Ash. 4 The chartu-

lary of Chertsey Abbey 4 re-

cords that shortly after the

statute, ' vulgarly called Mort-

main,' 1 1 acres in Ash with

sufficient common pasture for

his flocks and herds were held

by Robert de Zathe, while

Geoffrey de Bacsete (Bagshot)

and his brother William had

28. The Atwaters of West

Clandon also held land in

Ash.'

In 1537 the abbey granted

Ash with its other lands to

Henry VIII,' and for a few

years it seems to have re-

' . ,

mamed as Crown property. Edward VI, however, shortly

���CHIRTSIY ABBEY. Party or and argent St. Pautt miord having iti hilt or crossed with St. Pear's kijn gules and axure.

���WINCHUT.R COLLIGE.

Argent two cneveront

,J t ^^^, hru rtm

��after his accession granted it to Winchester College,' which still holds it.

There is no mention of a mill under Henley in Domesday Book, but it is certain that a mill existed at Ash from comparatively early times, for in 1322 the Abbot of Chertsey ordered a new windmill to be built at Ash. 9 Windmills were comparatively new in England then, and it may have been in place of a small water-mill of earlier date. There seems no later record of it.

HENLET (xi cent, onwards ; Henle, xiv cent. ; Suth henle and Henle on the Heth) was granted in William's reign to Chertsey by Azor, a wealthy Englishman who had retained land after the Con- quest. 10

It would appear that before the 1 4th century the abbey had sublet the manor and certain lands at Fremelesworth (Frimley) to a family who were known as ' of Henley.' Deeds in the possession of Mr. Woodroffe of Poyle (q.v.), quoted by Man- ning," refer to a John of Henley, and in 1 306 to a William de Henley, and in 1324 William enfeoffed Edward II of it." The document further states that since the transfer the rent of 22*. 8</. and 12 measures (lagenae) of honey ls due to the abbey had been in arrears, which furnishes a significant comment on the lawlessness of the end of the reign of Edward II. In 1338 Edward III granted the manor to John de Molyns, together with view of frank- pledge and fines for breach of the assize of bread and ale. 14 In the next year other privileges followed, including the right of erecting gallows on the soil of the manor, and of passing judgement on malefactors apprehended there. 15

In 1 343 the manor was reported to be in the king's hands owing to ' the rebellion ' of John de Molyns, who was one of the ministers disgraced in 1340 for alleged misappropriation of money, and the abbot took advantage of his tenant's disgrace to renew his demands for rent ; he pointed out that Henley had been held of his church since the time of its foundation for the service of paying a sum of money with twelve gallons of honey yearly, and suit at the abbey's court at Ash. 16 The rent is said to have been wrongfully withdrawn by John de Molyns.

John de Molyns' disgrace appears to have been of only short duration. In 1343 the manor was again granted to him to hold in the same way as before, 1 ' and the next year he obtained a confirmation of that grant. 18 Possibly the manor or part of it may have been granted to Henry de Stoughton 19 during de Molyns' disgrace; at any rate, in 1349 Henry re- leased to him all his right in the manor." Some two years later John granted Henley to the king in return

��V.C.H. Surr. i, 311*1.

Cal. Pat. 1381-5, p. 385.

4 Plac. di Quo Warr. (Rec. Com.), 744.

Exch. K.R. Misc. Bks. vol. 25, fol. 30. See also Feet of F. Surr. 32 Hen. Ill,

3.

' Feet of F. Surr. 8 Edw. II, 29.

1 Feet of F. Div. Co. Trio. 29 Hen. VIII. * Pat. 5 Edw. VI, pt. T.

> Exch. K.R. Misc. Blc.. vol. 25, foL 170.

M y.C.H. Surr. i, 311. It ii true that original grant to Chertsey by Frithwald, lubregulus of Surrey, c. 675, in a char- ter which ii dated 727 (Birch, Cart. Sax.
 * Henlei ' is included with other lands of the

��i, 64). But this charter, attested by two kings who were reigning and one of whom died fifty-two years earlier, and by a Bishop Humfrith who was not a bishop till seventeen years later, includes land which was certainly granted to Chertsey at later dates. It is a composition of some time after the Conquest. The early Chertsey charters are more than suspicious. The abbey was sacked by the Danes once or twice. The earliest in reputed date (Birch, op. cit. i, 5 5-8) grants land in Chertsey, Thorpe, Egham, and Chobham only, giving the boundaries in English, which is not English of the 7th century, and mentioning Giffreus de

341

��la Croix, who was alive when Tetta de Nevill was compiled, and the hedge of Windsor Park. But these may contain a re-edited form of the traditional earliest grants. See under Chertsey.

11 Hilt, of Surr. iii, 69.

11 Chan. Inq. p.m. I Edw. Ill (2nd nos.), no. 143.

18 Coll. To fog. et Gen. iv, 164.

14 Chart. R. I z Edw. Ill, m. 4, no. J.

15 Ibid. 13 Edw. Ill, m. 5, no 10. " Cal. Pat. 1343-5, p. 89.

W Ibid. 543.

u Chart. R. 20 Edw. Ill, no. 141.

19 Lord of Stoughton in Stoke (q.v.). 80 Close, 23 Edw. Ill, pt. ii, m. 9.

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