Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/423

 EFFINGHAM HUNDRED EFFINGHAM

common fines. At which said Court at Michaelmas all Constables and Tithingmen for ye yeare past are discharged and others sworn for ye perform- ance of their severall offices for ye ensuing year.' At the said Michaelmas Court the constables or tithingmen were to deliver to the lord all dues from their townships or tithings. The jurors further declared that they could not find that there was ever held any three weeks' court for these hundreds, though they believed that the lord might hold one if he pleased '

��EFFINGHAM

��Fingcham, Epingeham (zi cent.).

Effingham is 3$ miles south-south-west from Lether- head, 8 miles north-east from Guildford, upon the road between the two places, the village being fairly compactly placed about the road and a cross road which runs from over the downs northward. The parish is bounded on the north by East Horsley and Cobham, on the east by Little Bookham, on the south by Wotton and Abinger, on the west by East Horsley. It measures quite 4 miles from north to south and one from east to west. It contains 3,183 acres.

The southern limit of the parish is on the summit of the chalk range, which is here extensively covered with beds of clay and gravel. It reaches over the northern face of the chalk down, across the Thanet and Wool- wich Beds, down on to the London Clay. The church and village were on the beds between the chalk and the clay, but the houses have spread upwards on to the former. The Guildford and Epsom road, and the Guildford and Letherhead Railway traverse the parish.

Neolithic implements have been found. On the chalk were several dene holes, and a round barrow is recorded near the road from Guildford, 1 but these seem to have disappeared except for depressions which may mark filled-in dene holes. Manning and Bray record the discovery of a small camp on the downs near Mare House, to the left of the road from Guildford to Dorking, that is on White Downs. The ground has since been cultivated. Lord William Howard, who had property here from the spoils of Chertsey Abbey, resided near at hand in Bookham, and was created Lord Howard of Effingham. The most interesting side of the place, however, historically, is in connexion with the social history of England. Little more than one hundred years ago Effingham was still an open parish almost entirely, such as used to be called ' champion.' Its geographical position is fairly typical of the whole group along the northern side of the chalk range : an elongated parish, with its open fields and waste on the chalk, its settlement, church, and closes on the comparatively dry soil just below the chalk, its waste again on the clay beyond.

There was an Inclosure Act in 1800,* and another in 1802,* inclosing the wastes and common fields of Byfleet Manor in Effingham parish, and wastes of

��Aug. Off. ParL Surv. SUIT. (2).

1 Manning and Bray, Hist, and Anti/f, tfSurr. ii, 708.

1 39-40 Geo. Ill, cap. 87.

42 Geo. Ill, cap. 76.


 * Tithe Commutation Ret. (Bd. of Agric.).


 * Sir John Brunner'i Return, 1903.

��Effingham East Court respectively. There was a further inclosure in 1814,' and another in 1815.*

In Lee Wood, towards the northern end of the parish, on the clay, are the remains of a wet moat, in- closing a square of 60 or 70 yds.

Effingham Hill, built by General de Lancey on the estate of Tib Farm, is the residence of Mr. Caesar Czarnikow. It took the place of the manor-house of Effingham East Court. Effingham Lodge is the resi- dence of Mr. G. Pauling ; Dunley Hill of Mr. C. J. Allen. Opposite the Plough Inn is an old house called Widdington ; it has a large projecting brick porch of about 1600 to 1620. The pilasters of brick on each side of the doorway resemble those on Slyfield House.

There is a Wesleyan chapel, built in 1854. A national school was built in 1857.

The manor of EFFINGHAM EAST MANORS COURT was held at the time of the Domesday Survey, of Richard de Ton- bridge, Lord of Clare, 6 by Oswold, who also held the manor of La Leigh,' but it appears to have been acquired very shortly after by the Dammartin family. In 1166 William de Dammartin was holding n-J knights' fees in Surrey of the honour of Clare, 8 and in 12301 the manor of Effingham was confirmed to Margery widow of Odo de Dammartin, the founder and benefactor of Sandridge Priory and son of William de Dammartin/ as dower, by Alice her daughter and Roger de Clare husband of Alice. 10 In 1231 Margery was summoned to answer a charge of waste and alienation in this estate, preferred by Alice and Roger, when Margery declared that the heronry had been destroyed by her first husband Odo, and that the alienation had been made by her second husband Geoffrey de Say, from whom she was divorced, but that no proof w is forthcoming that waste had been made by her during her widowhood, and consequently no case could be proved against her." Alice appears to have been holding this manor for a knight's fee shortly after, and in 1248 conveyed it to Thomas de Warblington. 11 Shortly afterwards Richard de Clare, the overlord, took the manor into his own hands," and between 1250 and 1260 regranted it to Sir Nicholas de Leukenore," keeper of the wardrobe to Henry III, 15 to hold with the manor of Chipstead by the service of two knights' fees. In 1279 William

��i. Sur-r. i, 320*.

1 Ibid.

8 Kid Bk. o/Exch. (Rolls Ser.), 405.

' Dugdale, Man. vi, 604,

10 Feet of F. Div. Co. 15 & 16 Hen. Ill, no. 30. Alice was formerly married to John de Wauton.

321

��11 Maitland, Sracnn't Note St. 574. u Feet of F. Surr. 32 Hen. Ill, no. 50.

"Plae. dt Quo W*rr. (Rec. Com.),

743-

" Add. Chart 20039.

15 Cal. Clou, 1272-9, p. 90.

4*

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