Page:The Victoria History of the County of Surrey Volume 3.djvu/411

 COPTHORNE HUNDRED

��NEWDIGATE

��gate apparently falling to the share of Joan the widow of William Beauchamp, Lord Abergavenny, as in 1576 the manor was held of her descendant, Henry Nevill, then Lord Abergavenny. 6 The early history of the tenants of Newdigate in subfee is difficult to trace. In 1292 John de Montfort was granted free warren in his demesne lands in Newdigate. 7 He was succeeded by his son John, who was slain in battle at Bannockburn in 1314* ; he left no children, and was succeeded by his brother Peter, who is said to have been previously in holy orders, but to have become a knight on inheriting. He married Margaret the daughter of Lord Furnival. By her he had one son Guy, who died in his father's lifetime.' Guy had married Margaret Beauchamp, 10 and on his death Peter settled the reversion of his estates on her father, Thomas Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick." Peter died in 1367" and the earl succeeded, holding of the Earl of Arundel. In 1369 he enfeoffed John de Bokyngham, Bishop of Lincoln, and several others, of the manor of Newdigate, 13 probably in order to settle it upon his son Thomas, who inherited at his death in 1369." At this point Dugdale states that Baldwin de Freville, son of Elizabeth one of the sisters and .heirs of Peter de Montfort, claimed and recovered the manor of Newdigate with that of Ashtead, and that from him it passed to the family of Aston 15 (vide Ashtead). Aubrey also says in his book on Surrey that the manor of Newdigate was left by the Baldwin de Freville, who died in 1400, to his son Baldwin, who died a minor, leaving three sisters co-heirs, of whom Joyce the wife of Roger Aston inherited this manor. 16 There is, however, no mention of property in Newdi- gate in any of the subsequent inquisitions on the Frevilles and Astons, but this might arise from the fact that the manor was small and appurtenant to Ashtead. That they actually did hold Newdigate is proved by the settlement of one third of the manors of Ashtead and Newdigate made in 1419 by Hugh de Willoughby and his wife Margaret, one of the sisters of Baldwin de Freville, upon themselves and their heirs male. Ultimately the whole of Ash- tead went to the Aston family, who inherited through Joyce another sister of Baldwin de Freville." In 1543, when Sir Edward Aston conveyed Ashtead to the king, he also con- veyed rents and appurtenances in Newdigate. 18 Tradition exists that these same lands were granted by Henry VIII to Trinity College, Cambridge, and were identical with the manor of Marshlands, which the college subsequently held. 19 Unfortunately no grant to the college exists,

���TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. Argent a cheveron between three rotes gules and a chief gules with a leopard between fwo bibles or therein.

��but the fact that part of that estate held by the family of Newdigate, which came to be called the manor of Newdigate, was held of the manor of Marsh- lands,* appears to corroborate the presumption that Marshlands was the original manor of Newdigate. The manor remained in the possession of Trinity College until the middle of the igth century, when it was sold to Mr. Henry Fowler Broadwood, whose father and grandfather had held it on lease, 81 and whose grandson is the present owner.

At Trinity College there are several surveys of the manor of Marshlands, and these show its gradual decay and deterioration. In 1564 their estate at Newdigate was divided amongst various tenants who paid quit-rents, heriots, and owed suit of court. In 1702 the manor-house, then in good repair, was let to Dr. Akehurst, and sublet to Joseph Peter, and the estate included three other farms Naylors, Horseland, and Bearland. By 1756, however, the manor and farms, of which there were then only two besides the manor farm, were falling into ruin. Naylors seems to be now incorporated with Horseland or Horseyland. The soil had apparently never been fertile, but incompetence and neglect, and the increasing poverty of the tenant, had hastened the general deterioration. Reference is made to quit-rents worth about 3O/., which had been collected by Mr. Capon, a recent tenant, but it was no longer precisely known who had paid them. A court had been called within the last twenty years, but no one had attended it. Cattle had been brought to the pound, but the tenant had refused to admit them ; the pound was now ruinous and part of it had been carried away. It was then suggested to unite the manor farm and one of the others, which appears to have been done. The estate was much improved during the tenancy of the Broadwoods, who gave great care and attention to the timber.

The second reputed manor of NEWDIGATE was not called a manor until the 1 6th century. It appears to have originated in lands which were held there at a very early date by the family of Newdigate, whose name is derived from the place. Mr. Budgen showed various documents to Manning," which prove that they were holding property in Newdigate from the 1 3th century, and besides these there is a conveyance in 1234-5 f na lf a carucate of land by Roger de London to Richard de Newdigate," while further lands there were granted to William de Newdigate and his brother Richard in 133 56." The Newdigates evidently continued to acquire various tenements which they held of different overlords, and in time their estate came to be called a manor. The inquisition taken in 1592

���NEWDIGATC of New- digate. Gules three lions 9 legs razed argent.

��* Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. 2), clxxix, 76; clxxxiii, 74.

I Cal. of Chart. R. 1257-1300, p. 428 ; Chart. R. 21 Edw. I, 86, m. 3.

9 Surr. Arch. Coll. six, 29 ; Banks, Dormant and Extinct Peerage, i, 376. 9 Ibid. W Ibid.

II Add. Chart. 20422.

13 Not in 1357 asin Banks, op.cit. He went to law in 1364. See under Ash- tead.

'' Close, 43 Edw. Ill, m. 8 d.

��14 Chan. Inq. p.m. 43 Edw. Ill, no. 19 ; Close, 46 Edw. Ill, m. 1 5 (bis).

15 Dugdale, Baronage, ii, 105.

18 Aubrey, Hist, and Antij. of Surr, iv, 262.

W Feet of F. Div. Co. Trin. 1 3 Hen. VI, no. 63.

18 Aug. Off. Deeds of Purch. and Exch. c. 49 ; Feet of F. Surr. Mich. 35 Hen. VIII, no. I9.

19 Gent. Mag. Aug. 1811, p. loo. Letter to Trin. Coll. Cambridge from Mr.

3"

��Broadwood, 1876 (Docs, re Marshlands at Cambridge). See deed of Mr. Budgen's quoted by Manning and Bray, op. cit. 171.

30 Chan. Inq. p.m. (Ser. 2), clxxix, 76, ccxxxiii, 74 ; Docs, re Marshlands in New- digate at Trin. Coll. Cambridge.

31 Docs, at Trin. Coll. Cambridge.

83 Manning and Bray, op. cit. ii, 173. 38 Feet of F. Surr. Mich. 19 Hen. HI.

84 Add. Chart. 17303. See also article on the Newdigate family, Surr. Arch, Coll. vi, 227.

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