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 behaved nobly, notwithstanding his disappointment, because up to the last it had been believed that he would be the favored candidate. He made a tour through the Western States, advocating the Republican cause. On the 6th December Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States. On the 10th South Carolina declared her intention to secede, and on the 24th a proclamation was issued declaring South Carolina to be a "separate, sovereign, free and independent State." Then followed the war between North and South, and in 1864 Congress passed the famous 13th Amendment, providing that "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction."