Page:The Religion of the Veda.djvu/200

 184 The Religion of the Veda

very trade of theirs, namely, praise of the gods and purveyance of the sacriﬁce. When they turn their minds away, as they constantly do and must do, from those well~conceived personiﬁcations they tend downward. As middlcmmen between the gods and men they must, above all. take care of men, their own selves not least of all. Men can subsist and prosper only if the gods return in kind. The gods, on the whole, are good; they do not beat down the requests of him that cornea with prayer and cup of room. Reciprocity, frank unconditional reciprocity, thus becomes an accepted motive: “ Give thou to me, I give to thee,” is the formula.1 The sacriﬁcing king, or rich householder, is thereby placed between the upper and the nether mill-stone: he must satisfy both gods and priests, each of whom show a sun- prising habit of becoming more and more exacting as time goes by. In this way the high poetic quality of Vedic religion is crowded and choked by many conceptions mean from the start, or bent by these circumstances into a mean shape. The gods them-- selves, notwithstanding their luminous origin, are brought down to the plane of human weakness. Open to adulation, they become vain; eager for ad- vantage, they become shifty; reﬂecting human desires, they become sordid, and in some cases even indecent.

1 Jedi ma dadrfmz' tr. C the Roman do at a’cs.