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 Taj-Tiddin 270 Talib 7. Shahab-uddm Muhammad son of Taj -uddin slain in battle. 8. Taj-uddm who defended himself for two years in the fort of Sistan which was at last taken and every soul put to the Bword by the troops of Changeiz Ehan. Taj-Uddin Elduz, jj'^i CJi"^'£^> king of Ghami. It is related that Shahab-uddm Muhammad Ghori who had no children excepting a daughter, took pleasure in educating Turkish slaves, whom he afterwards adopted. Four of these slaves, besides Kutb-uddfn Eaibak, became great princes, of whom Taj-uddfn Elduz was one. On the death of Shahab-uddin, in 1206 A. D., 602 A. H., the Turki officers espoused the cause of his nephew prince Mahmud, the son of Ghayas-uddin _Gh6ri ; but Mahmud being unambitious, and naturally indolent, re- mained satisfied with the throne of his ancestors at Ghor, and proclaimed Elduz king of Ghazni, content to receive homage from that chief. Elduz had several battles with Kutb-uddin Eaibak kirg of Dehli, and some time after his death, he recruited his army and marched to India with a view to conquer that country, but was defeated near Dehli by Shams-uddin Altimsh in 1215 A. D., 611 A. H., and being taken prisoner, was imprisoned in Badaon, where, according to some accounts, he died a natural death, but according to others, he was poisoned. The whole length of his reign was nine years. A Ust of the Sultans of the Slave Dynasty of Ghor, who reigned in India, is given under Kutb-uddin Eaibak. Taj-uddin Gazruni, jif i:^:!'^'^;'^? author of the " Bahr-i-Saadat" the Sea of Felicity, a Persian work con- taining Essays on the goodness of God, the Creation of the world, on Virtue and the necessity of observing the moral duties, proved by various quotations from the 5uran. Taj-uddin Sangreiza, i^i^^^^^, a Persian poet who lived in the time of Ghayas-uddin Balban king of Dehli, about the year 1274 A. D., 670 A. H. Taj-uddin 'Umar bin-'A-li, cst^' ls^ i^^j*^ sumamed Fikahf, an Arabian author who died in the year 1331 A. D., 731 A. H. Taj-ul-Midk, ^2Jl»Jl ^, whose original name was Malik Taju, was appointed wazir by Khizir Khan king of Dehli in the first year of his reign 1414 A. D., 817 A. H., with the above title. He died on the 13th January, 1421 A. D., 8th Muharram, 824 A. H., and his eldest son Sikandar succeeded him in the ofiice of wizarat under the title of MaUk-ush-Shark." Takash or Turtash, cA^-'j which see. Takash. or Taksh, o^^> sumamed 'Ala-uddm Sultan of Khwarizm, the son of Alp Arsalan the son of Atsiz a descendant of the prince of that country, who had been cupbearer to the celebrated Sultan Sanjar kiag of Persia. He defeated and slew Tughral III Saljuki in a battle 1194 A. D., 590 A. H. At his death which happened 4th July, 1200 A. D., 19th Eamazan, 596 A. H., he left his kingdom to his son Sultan Muhammad sumamed Kutb- uddin, whose reign was at its commencement, splendid and successful : but his fortune fell before that great destroyer of the human race, Changeiz Khan : by whom he was defeated, his countries pillaged and almost all his family made prisoners. He died of a broken heart 1220 A. D., 617 A. H. His son Jalal-uddin, who was the last of this dynasty of kings, long bore up against the torrent that had overwhelmed his father : but was at last subdued. He was slain 1230 A. D. Takhat or Takht Singh, "^^j Eaja of Jodhpur Marwar, who was raised to the gaddi after the death of his father Eaja Man Singh in November, 1843 A. D. He died on the 12th February, 1873 A. D., and was suc- ceeded by his eldest son Jaswant Singh to whom he had resigned the reins of government some months before his death. Takla, a king of Fars, vide Sunkar. Takoji Holkar, j^h^ ls^J^) the nephew of Malhar Rao Holkar I, was elected and placed on the masnad of Indour by Ahlia Bai the widow of Ivhande Eao son of Malhar Rao in 1767 A. D. on the death of her son MalH Rao. He reigned 30 years and died on the loth August, 1797 A. D., leaving two legitimate sons Kashi Rao and Malhar Rao ; and two illegitimate sons Tthoji and Jas- want Rao. After the death of Takoji, his eldest son Kashi Rao succeeded him ; but the country was usurped by Daulat Rao Scindhia for some time and afterwards made over to Jaswant Rao. Takoji Holkar, j^J^ urt}^} raja of Indour, was raised to the gaddi in 1844 A. D., and was living in 1857. Tala', the poetical name of Mirza Nizam-uddin brother to IMirza Kutb-uddin Mael. He was an excellent poet and flourished in the time of the emperor 'Alamgir, and was living about the year 1696 A. D., 1108 A. H. Talaiha ibn-KhawaUid, '^kj'^ Lti^, one of the false prophets who pretended to prophecy like Mu- hammad, and lied against God, saying, that inspiration came down to him from heaven. He was received into favour by the Saracens 638 A. D., 17 A. H., by saving the life of Sarjabil ibn-Hasani in a battle against the Greeks, and was subsequently employed by the Khalif 'Umar in his wars against the Persians. Talash, J>^^, the poetical name of Shahab-uddin Ahmad, which see. Taleiha ibn-Khaweilid, a false prophet. About the 12th year of the Hijra, several persons, per- ceiving the success and prosperity of Muhammad and his followers, set up also for prophets in hope of meeting the like good fortune, and making themselves eminent in the world. Such were Osad-al-Abbasi and Taleiha, with several others whose attempts however quickly came to nothing. Vide Talaiha. Talha, the son of Tahir the general of the Khalif al-Mamun. He succeeded his father in the govemment of Khurasan in 822 A. D., 213 A. H., and after a reign of 6 years died a natural death in 828 A. D. His son 'All was killed the same year in a battle against the rebels at Naishapiir. Talha ibn-'ObeiduIlah, V"^^ He, together with Zubeir and 'Ayesha the widow of Muhammad, were 'All's irreconcilable and implacable enemies. The Kufians, Egyptians and the greatest part of the Arabians were for 'Ali. A part of the Basorians favoured Talha but the rest supported Zubeir. He was killed with Zubeir in a battle against 'Ali at Basra with an arrow by Marwan the then Secretary of 'Ali 656 A. D., 36 A. H. Talib 'Amuli, ts^*^ V^'^, a celebrated poet of 'Amul in Persia, who came to India in the reign of the emperor Akbar, and lived till the time of the emperor Jahangir,