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 Tafazzul 268 TaMr and of a Parody on the verses of the Gulistan in verse, entitled " Tazinln Gulistan," published in 1858 A. D., 1274 A. H. Tafazzul Husain Khan, J-^^, the rehel Nawab of Farrukhahad. He was the grandson and suc- cessor of Muzaffar Jang, also called Muzaffar Husain Khan. This man, a British protege, murdered sisty- t-wo Englishmen, women, and children, during the insur- rection of 1857, under circumstances of the most cold- blooded atrocity. After months of unavailing pursuit, Major Barrow, Commissioner of the district of Audh, to which he had fled, offered him his life provided he had himself committed no murders. The Nawab surrendered, was tried, found guilty, and sentenced to death. The' Governor-General, however, while fully coinciding in the verdict, held that the word of a British ofScer must be maintained, declared the criminal exempt from the pun- ishment of death, on the condition that he should immedi- ately quit the British territory for ever. If, ran the order, he accept this condition, he will be conveyed to the frontier as a convict under a Military guard and there set at liberty. If he refuse the condition, or if having accepted it, he shall break it, or attempt to break it, now, or at any future time, the capital sentence pronounced upon him will be carried out. The Nawab elected to be sent to Mecca. Accordingly on the 23rd of May, 1859 A. D., he was taken to the Magistrate's office under a European Guard, and there fettered. He was allowed to see his children but not his wife. Two hundred men of the Pathagarh Levy were ordered to guard him to Bombay on his way to Mecca. Taftazani or Tuftazani, (^■j^^'^j which is sometimes erroneously written Tughtazani, is the surname of an author who was called so from his birth-place, a city in Khurasan. His proper name is MuUa Sad-uddin Masaud bin-'Umar. He is the author of the Commentaries on the " Maazid", " 'Akaed" and Kashshaf" ; and also of the " Sharah Sharaf Zanjani", " Mutouwal", which he dedicated to Malik Husain Kart and " Mukhtasir Talkhis," dedicated to Janf Beg. There is another work entitled " Sharah Hallaj," which is also attributed to him. In the latter part of his life he served under Tamerlane and died at Samarkand. According to the Muntakhib-ut- Tawarikh, he was born in 1322 A. D., 722 A. H., and died on the 10th January, 1390 A. D., 22nd Muharram, 792 A. H., but according to Haji Khalfa in 791 A. H. Tagh.allut, V^^ a learned and pious Musalman whose proper name was Abti'l Abbas Ahmad. He was the Imam of the inhabitants of Kufa, and died at Bagh- dad in the year 903 A. D., 290 A. H. I is Tahawi or Al-Tahawi, (^y^, vide Abu Jafar bm- Muhammad Tabawi. Tahir and Ghani, (^^, poetical names of Mirza Muhammad Tahir commonly called Ghani Kashmiri, which see. Tallir, ^^'-^j fte grandson of Amru bin-Lais, which see. Tahir I or Tahir ibn-H u s a i n-a 1-K h u z a i', surnamed Yeminain (Ambi- dexter). He was one of Al-Mamun's ablest supporters and one of the greatest generals of his age. He defeated and slew 'Alf Ibn-I'sa in battle 811 A. D., 195 A. H., and sent his head as a present to the Khalff Al-Mamun his employer, who amply rewarded Tahir for his services. And when that prince was residing at Marv the capital of Khurasan, he revolted against his brother Al-Amfn the Khalff of Baghdad, and despatched Tahir with an army to attack him at Baghdad which place he took in 813 A. D., Safar, 198 A. H., and having slain Al-Amfn, sent his head to Khurasan that it might he presented to Al-Mamiin his brother, who conferred the government of Khurasan upon Tahir and his descendants with almost absolute and unlimited power. Tahir died on Saturday the 15th of November, 822 A. D., 24th Jumada IL 207 A. H, at Marv, and his son Talha was appointed wazir in his room. The following is a list of his descendants. Tahir I, died 207 A. H. Talha his son. 'Abdullah son of Tahir died 230 A. H. Tahir II son of 'Abdullah. Muhammad son of Tahir II and last prince of this race. Tahir II, great-grandson of Tahir I, and son of Abdullah whom he succeeded in the govern- ment of Khurasan in the reign of Al-Mustafn Billah and died a natural death. He was succeeded by his son Muhammad the last prince of this race. Tahir bin-Ahmad-al-Bukhari, Imam Iftikhar- Tlddin, <3:jl^*Vo.^i>^t j'^^^, author of a work on Ilm-nl-Fatawa or science of decisions, entitled the " Khu- lasat ul-Fatawa," a select collection of decisions of great authority. He was also the author of the " Khazfnat- ul-Wakiat," and the " Kitab-an-Nisab" on which booka the Khulasat was grounded, and to which many subse- quent collections are indebted for numerous valuable cases. He died 1147 A. D., 542 A. H. Tahir Billah, j'*'^) vide Al-Tahir Bi-amruUah a Khalif of Baghdad. Tahir Bukhari, iS^^* ^^'^j a very pious Musalman of Bukhara and an excellent poet, who flourished in the reign of Sultan Babar of Hirat. Tahir Abiwardi, (^"ij^i^' J^^^j a poet who flourished in the time of Sultan Baisanghar. Tahir Muhammad bin-Imad-uddin Hasan bin- Sultan 'Ali bin-Haji Muhammad Husain Sabzwari, cr-^ i:H<^^ '^•♦^ j^'^. He is the author of the history called " Bauzat-ut- Tahirin," the Garden of the Immaculate. It is a general history and was commenced ia 1602 A. D.,-1011 A. H., three years before the death of Akbar and concluded in 1606 A. D., 1015 A. H. Sir H. M. Elliot in his "His- torians of India," calls it the " Rauzat-us-Safa," this is evidently a mistake, for that book was written by Mfr Khawand Shuh who died in 1498 A. D. Tahir Wahid, Mirza, D^*, son of Husain Khan Kazwfni, commonly called Wakaa Nawis, the news- writer, was one of the greatest poets of the age. He was historigrapher of Shah Abbas II, and afterwards wazir to Shah Sulaiman, kings of Persia. Mirza Saeb, who died in 1669 A. D,, was one of his cotemporaries. Tahir Wahid is the author of a Dfwan containing 60,000 verses, and of a history of the Safwf kings of Persia. One of his works which he wrote, in 1656 A., D., 1066 A. H., is called " Mirat-ul-Ai'jaz" and one, which contains letters written by him for the kuig of Persia, goes after his name, and is called " Tahir Wahid." He died in 1696 A. D., 1108 A. H.