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 Sikandar 261 Siraj-uddin assistance of his mother, succeeded his father Sultan. Kutb-uddm 1393 A D., 796 A. H., his authority being acknowledged by all the nobles and other otEcers, and became one of the most powerful kings that ever reigned in Kashmir. Various magnificent temples and images of the Hindus did this Sultan lay in ruins ; which conduct obtained him the glorious title of " But Shikan," or Iconoclast. He reigned 22 years and 9 months and died in 1416 A. D., 819 A. H. In his time Tamerlane invaded India and presents passed between him and Sikandar. He was succeeded by his son Sultan 'AH Shah. Sikandar Turkman, ^{^g Kara Muhammad. Silhaddi, iS'^^'^j a raja of Eaisi'n, who was made pri- soner by Bahadur Shah of Gujrat and was forced to become a Muhammadan in the year 1531 A. D., 938 A. H., and afterwards when the fort of Eaism was surrendered by his brother Lachhman to the king, Eani Durgawati', the daughter of Eana Sanka, Eana of Chittor and wife of Eaja Silhaddi, with a heroic fortitude invoking curses on the heads of those who should not revenge her cause, set fire to a pile with which she had caused the female apartments to be surrounded, containing seven hundred beautiful women ; she plunged into the flames, and they were all consumed. Silhaddi and Lachhman his brother with one hundred of their blood-relations, now putting on their armour, rushed impetuously on the Gujrat troops, and bravely met their fate the same j'ear. Sindbad Hakim, (♦i^^ .i'^'^^^ author of a Dfwan or book of Odes which he completed in the year 1374 A. D., 77t> A. H., and dedicated to Shah Mahmud Bahmani. Sindh, history of, vide Nasir-uddi'n Kabbaoha. Sipahdar Khan, ly'^^j''^ ^i**) whose proper name is Mirza Muhammad Salah, was a native of Tabrez, and his ancestors were reckoned among the nobles of that country. In the year 1592 A. U., 1000 A. H., he left Persia for Hindiistan in company with Khwaja Beg Mirza son of Masum Beg Safwi. On his arrival in India, he obtained the honour of an interview with the emperor Akbar. Mansabs suitable to his dignity as well as the government of Gujrat were conferred on him, time after time. When, after the death of prince Murad in 1599 A. D., 1007 A. H., prince Danial went to the Dakhin and captured the fort of Ahmadnagar the capital of Nizam Shah, the government of that country was conferred upon Khwaja Beg Mirza and Sipahdar Khan. Sipahdar Khan, j'-i '^t^, was the second son of Khan Jahan Bahadur, the foster-brother of the emperor monarch 1691 A. D., 1103 A. H. with the government of, the province of Allahabad which he held for several years. His brother Himmat Khan was killed by an arrow in an action with the Marhattas about the year 1698 A. D., 1110 A. H., and soon after, their father Khan Jahan Bahadur died in the imperial camp. Sipehr Shikoh, H*", third son of Dara Shikoh vide Sulaiman Shikoh. He was confined in the fort of Gwaliar by 'Alamgir who in his 16th year, 1085 A. H., sent for him from Gwaliar, got him married with his daughter Badr-un-Nisa of whom was born prince 'All Tabar. Siraj, jLr*"^ takhallus of Siraj-uddin Husain of Auran- gabad who is the author of the " Diwan Muntakhib," containing extracts from no less than 680 poets, and which he completed in 1756 A. D., 1169 A. H. 66 Siraj Kummi, tj** a poet who was a native of Kumm in Persia and contemporary with Salman Sawaji. Siraj-uddin, is-'^^^ ^J^; son of Nur-uddm, author of the "Sharah Bukharf." and " Sharah 'Umda." He died in 1401 A. D., 804 A. H., see Bilkainf. Siraj-uddin 'Ali Khan, ■ijj^ ls^^ (j^'^-'' ^b"", whose poetical title is 'Arzu, was a native of Akbarabad (Agrah). and a descendant of Shaikh Muhammad Ghaus of Gwaliar. He was an excellent poet and an ofiicer of rank in the time of the emperor Farrukh-siyar. He is the author of several works, among which is a Diwan and a biography entitled " Majmua-ul-Nafaes," which is also called " Tazkira Arzu," containing the memoirs of the Indian poets who have written Persian, Hindu- stani and Dakhani' poems. Arz(i in 1734 A. D., 1147 A. H. met at Dehli the poet Hazin who had just come from Persia. The jealousy between the two poets induced 'Arzii to write a treatise entitled " Tambih-ul-Ghafilm," in which he points out the errors in Hazin's poems. He died at Lakhnau on the 27th of January, 1756 A. D., 23rd Eabi' II, 1169 A. H., and was buried there for some time, but afterwards his remains were removed to Dehli by his nephew Muhammad Husain Khan. Beside the abovementioned works, he is the author of the following : Mohibat Uzma. 'Atia Kubra. Siraj -ul-Lughat. Chiragh Hid&et. Gharaeb-ul-Lughat. Khayaban. Mustilahat-ush-Shuara. Jawab Yatarazat Munir, Sharah Kasaed 'Urfi. Sharah Sikandar-nama. Sharah Mukhtasir-ul-Maani. Sharah Gulkushti Mfr Najat. Nawadir-ul-Alfarz, a Hindustani Dictionary. Siraj-uddin Husain, c^i-^ e^J'^-'f vide Siraj. Siraj-uddin Muhammad bin-'Abdur Rashid-al- Sajawandi, iS'^J^i^ '^^ '^^■'t <^ i^^. -^-t^ t^s)] author of the "Sirajia," which is sometimes called "Faraez as-Sajawandi'." This book is of the highest authority on the law of inheritance amongst the Bunnis of India. It has been commented upon by a vast number of writers, upwards of forty being enumerated in the " Kashf-uz-Zuniin. The most celebrated of these Commentaries, and the one most generally employed to explain the text, is the " Shan'fia" by Sayyad Sharif 'AH bin-Muhammad-al-Jurjani. The original text of the " Sirajia," together with that of the " Shan'fia," was published in Calcutta in 1829. A Persian translation of the Sirajia and Shan'fia was made by Maulwf Muhammad Rashid by order of Warren Hastings, and published in Calcutta in 1812 A. D. The most celeWated Commentaries on the Sirajia next after the Sbarifia, are, that by Shahab- uddin Ahmad bin-Mahmud-as-Siwasi ; one by Burhan- uddin Haidar bin-Muhammad-al-Hirwf ; another by Shams-uddin bin-Hamza-al-Fanari ; and lastly, a Persian Commentary entitled '• Al-Faroez-at-Tajifi Sharh Fariicz- as-Siraji by 'Abdul Karim bin-Muhammad-al-Hamdani. Siraj-uddin Muhammad bin-'Umar Halabi, '^♦^'^ C^'^-'l jLr", an author who died 1446 A. D., 850 A. H. Siraj-uddin Sawai, MauJana, i^j^ ^iJ-^Jl one of the celebrated poets of Samana a city in the province of Dehli. He is the author of the work
 * 'Alamgir. He was raised to the rank of 3000 by that