Page:The Oriental Biographical Dictionary.djvu/247

 Salman 235 Samsam-uddaula dad. Vide Tughral Beg who was the first king of the Saljuk dynasty of Persia. Kadard was the first of Saljuk dynasty who reigned in Kirman ; Sulaiman or Kutlamish, the first Sultan of Saljuk dynasty who reigned in Eiim or Anatolia. Salman, li)'*-^*^ a poet who died in 1530 A. D., 937 A. H. Salman, 'Aka, tu'*^^ also called Mirza Hisabi, is the author of a commentary on the Preface of the Gulistan of ahout 3000 lines. He devoted himself to Sufyism and wrote a treatise thereon. He also compiled an Arabic Commentary on Kusanji's Persian treatise on astronomy ; another work of his is called " Aosaf-uI-Bildd." He was Hving in 1585 A. D., 993 A. H. Salman Farsi, cJ^^-^^ or the Persian. Is said to have been a native of a small place near Isfahan, and that on passing one day by a Christian Church, he was so much struck by the devotion of the people, and the solemnity of the worship, that he became disgusted with the idolatrous faith in which he had been brought up. He afterwards wandered about the East, from city to city, and convent to convent, in quest of a religion, ■until an ancient monk, full of years and infirmities, told him of a prophet who had arisen in Arabia to restore the pure faith of Abraham. He then journeyed to Mecca, and became a convert to Muhammadanism. This Salman rose to power in after years, and was reputed by the imbelievers of Mecca to have assisted Muhammad in compiling his doctrines. He died at Madaen in Persia in 653 A. D., 33 A. H. Salman Sawaji, t^^j'*" e,''-*^, a celebrated Persian poet, native of Sawa, surnamed Jalal-uddfn Muhammad, who flourished in the time of Amir Shaikh Hasan Jalayer also called Hasan Buzurg, and his son Sultan Aweis, rulers of Baghdad. In the latter period of his life he became blind, and having retired from the world, died in the year 1377 A. D., 779 A. H. He is the author of a poem entitled " Jamsheid-wa-Khiu-sheid," and of the " Firak-nama," and several other works, and also of a Diwan. Sam, ("^j the son of Nariman, and grandfather of Eustam the celebrated hero of Persia. Tide Zal and Manuchehr. Samanini, cs^^^^j commonly called so, but his proper name is Abu'l Kasim 'Umar, and his father's name Sabit He was an excellent Arabic grammarian and died in 1050 A. D., 442 A. H. Sam Mirza, ^jj'^ (*^ the son of Shah Isma'fl I. He is the author of the work called " Tuhfa Sami," being a biography of the contemporaneous poets of Persia, com- piled in 1550 A. D., 957 A. H. His poetical name is Sami. Samrat Jagannatha, ot^, a Brahman, who made a version of Euclid's Elements by order of Sewai Jai Singh, Eaja of Jaipur, in Sanskrit and called it " Eekhi Ganita." Sam Sultan Bahadur, ci^^^ a native of Gujrat, and author of the " Tarikh Bahadur Shahi." Saman, U^'^j the great-grandfother of Isma'fl Saman, the first king of the Samanides. His grandson Nasr Ahmad was appointed governor of Bukhara bv Mo'tamid the Khalffa of Baghdad, in 874 A. D., 261 A. H., vide Isma'fl Samam. Samani, t^-''^^**, a dynasty of Muhammadan kings who reigned over Transoxania, holding its coui-t at Bukhara. Its power extended over Khwarizm. Mawar-un-Nahr, Jurjan; Sfwastan and Ghaznf. This draasty continued to reign in Bukhara for a period of 128 years, when it became extinct by the death of its last prince 'Abdul- malik II, in 999 A. D., 389 A. H. The first king of this race was Isma'fl Samanf, great-grandson of Baman, a robber-chief from whom this dynasty took its name. Samani or Samnani, C5^'^^«, an Arabian author who in the 6th century of the Hijrf wrote a dictionary of the names of all the Arabian authors, entitled " Fi'l Ansab," which in the succeeding century was abbreviated by Ibn- al-Asfr, and this extract again shortened by Sayuti. Vide Jalal-uddfn Sayutf. Sama-uHah, Shaikh, ^A-"' or Sama-uddfn, one of the great Mashaekhs of India, and brother of Shaikh Ishak. He lived in the time of Sultan Bahlol Lodf, and died according to 'Abdul Hak in 1496 A. D., 901 A. H., and lies buried on the banks of the Hauz Shamsf at Dehlf. Sammugarh, ^y=^, a place in Agrah built by the emperor Akbar. Sambhaji, ls^V^-^j the son of Sewajf Bhosla the Marhat- ta chief and second raja of Sitara. He was at Pamala when his father died and a faction endeavoured to secure the succession to Eaja Eam, a son of Sewajf by another wife. But Sambhajf supported by the greater part of the troops, who had been the companions of his contests with the forces of the emperor 'Alamgfi-, established his sovereignty._ He behaved with great cruelty to his opponents, imprisoned Eaja E;im and reigned nine years. He succeeded his father in April, 1680 A. D., generally spent his time in female pleasure and excessive drinkino-, and possessed no talents for government. He Listened to the advice of no one, having a conceited opinion of his own^ abilities, and chose for his favourite Kab Kalas or Kalusah, a Brahman with whom he acted such scenes as made him hateful to the world. He was taken prisoner together with his wife and children by the officers of the emperor 'A'lamgfr, who ordered him to be executed. His eyes were first destroyed with a hot u-on, his tongue cut out, and he was at last beheaded along with his favourite. This event took place in July or August, 1689 A. D., 1100 A. H. His son Sahjf also called Sao or Sahu, an infant, was acknowledged raja by the Marhattas, but he was soon after taken prisoner by 'Alamgfr and confined till the death of that monarch when he was released. Vide Sahjf II. Sambhu Singh, Maharana of Udaipur and Meiwar, who was invested a G. C. S. I. on tlie 6th of December, 1871 A. D., died on the 7th October, 1874 A. D., at the early age of 27. He succeeded to the guddf of Mewar by adoption in 1862. His elevation was <>-reat and sudden, as his father, a brother of the late Edna Sarilp Singh had fallen under suspicion of conspirin"- to gain his way to the throne by poisoning the invalid Sarup; and, while the father died under the hands of assassins in a prison within the walls of the palace the son. along with other members of the family suffered for several ycitrs the most cruel persecution. Samnani, j/^^ one of the chief followers of the Siifi sect who died in 1335 A. D., 736 A. H., six years before Khwaja Ku-manf. Vide Ata-uddaula Samnam. Samru or Sombre, jy^, vide Shamrii. Samsam-uddaula, ^-'j'^J' ^^^-^^ title of Shahnawaz lihan, which see.