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 Maui 170 Mansiir Mani, lS''^ whom we call Manes, was the founder of the sect of the Manichis or Manicheans. In the reign of Shahpiir, the son of Ardisher, king of Persia, about the year 277 A. D., a painter, named Mani, having learned from the conversation of some Christians, tluit the Redeemer had •promised to send a Comforter, after him, formed the wild design of passing for the Paraclete ; and, as no opinions are so ahsurd, as not to be embraced, he soon drew together a ninltitude of proselytes. Shahpur was enraged at this imposture, and wished to punish the author of it ; but Mani found means to escape, and fled as far as the borders of China, havmg first told his followers, that he was going to heaven,- and promised to meet them in a certain grot, at the end of the year. In this retreat he amused himself with painting a number of strange figures and views, which at the year's end, he shewed to his disciples, as a work given to him by angels. He was a veiy ingenious artist, and had a lively fancy, so that his pictures, which were finely coloured, easily persuaded the credulous multitude, in the infancy of the art in Asia, that they were really divine ; they were bound together in a book called Artang. which is often alluded to by the Persian poets. Mingling the pure doc- trines of Christianity with paganism, he taught that there were two principles of all things, coeternal and coeval, that is, God and the Devil, that from the former all good, and from the latter all evil proceeded. The good being, he called, the author of the new testament, the bad of the old. God, he added, created the soul, the devil, the body. He pretended also to work miracles, and was therefore sent for by Shahpur to cure his son, but his pretended power failed him, the child died in his arms, and the disappointed father ordered the prophet to be flayed alive, and his skin stufi'ed with chafi' to be hung up at the gates of the capital, where Epiphanius who refuted his doc- trines, saw it. Some say this impostor was put to death in the reign of Bahram, grandson of Shahpur. Mani, {j'^'^j a poet, who although called Kasagar Mazan- darani, i. e., a porcelain manufacturer of Mazandaran ; yet his talents introduced him to Muhammad Muhsin Mirza, a son of Sultan Husain Mirza, in whose service he was killed by the TJzbaks in 1507 A. D., 913 A. H. He is the author of a Diwan. Ma'ui, t5^*'°> the poetical name of Eae Bijai Mai, a bro- ther of Imtiyaz, was' living in 1760 A. D., 1174 A. H., and did military service under Nawab Shuja'-uddaula. Mauija Begam, *?'i^l/o^ sister of Nur JahanBegam, Dide Kasim Kh&n Jaweni. Manik Pal, J':^ <^^^, rajd of KarouH. He died in 1805 A. D., and was succeeded by a boy then 13 years of age. In December, 1817 A. D., the Karauli chief signed a treaty, and put himself under the protection of the British Government. Manka al-Hindi t^'^'^t'l n^n.Abu Usaibia in his work, entitled Ayun al-Anba, on the phj'sicians of India, says, that Manka of India was one of the most distingui.shed philosophers in the sciences of India, and was well acquainted both with the language of India and Persia. It was he who translated the book of Shanak the Indian, treating on poisons, from the Indian to the Persian language. He lived in the days of Harun al-Eashid, and came during his reign, from India to Irak, and attached himself to him. Manni Earn Seith, th"^, the great banker of Mathura, died in July, 1836 A. D. Mannu Lai, J^J'^j a Hindu, who is the author of the work called " Guldastae Nashat." Manohar Das, u"'ij^^'^, ^rfe Tousani. Mansa Ram, fL) father of Raja Chyte Singh of Banaras. He possessed originally but half the village of Gangapur, by additions to which, in the usual modes of Hindustan, he laid the foundation of the great zamindari of Banaras. He died in 1740 A. D., and was succeeded by his sou Balwant Singh. Man Singh, ^^^-^ a raja of Gwaliar who lived in the time of Sultan Sikandar Lodi and his son Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, and 'died about the year 1518 A. D.', 924 A. H. He was a prince of great valour and capacit)^ His son Bikarmajft succeeded him in the ritjaship and was living at the time the emperor Babar conquered India. Man Singh, c>^} son or nephew of Eaja Bhagwan Das Knchhwaha, ruler of Amer in Ajmer now called Jaipur and Jainagar. He was appointed governor of Kabul by the emperor Akbar in 1587 A. D., 995 A. H., and in the next year of Behar, Hajipur and Patna, and after the death of his father in 1589 A. D., 998 A. H., he was honoured with the title of raja and rank of 7000, and made governor of Bengal. He had 1600 concubines, and everj' one of them had children ; but they all died before him. Man Singh died in the ninth year of the emperor Jahangir 1614 A. D., 1023 A. H., in the Dak- hin, and sixty of his conciibines burnt themselves with his corpse. His second son Eaja Bhao Singh succeeded him and died of drinking. The eldest son of Man Singh was Eaja Partap Singh who died before his father and left a son named Maha Singh who served under the em- peror Jahangir, and after the death of his grandfather and uncle was honoured with the title of Eaja. Man Singh had built a house on the banks of the liver Jamna of which at present towards the river only two broken Burj are to be seen. The Muhalla Manpanah close to the Jamna Masjid at Agrah is still very well-known. He died at Berar in 1617 A. D., 1026 A. H. His son Mirza Eaja Jai Singh served under Shah Jahan and 'Alamgir. He was poisoned by his son Kfrat Singh about the year 1625 A. D. After him his son Earn Singh was reduced to a mansab of 4000 ; Bishun Singh, reduced to a mansab of 3000, and after him come Jai Singh Sawai, son of Bishun Singh, which see. Man Singh, ly^-*, raja of Jodhpur or Marwar, was a descendant of raja Jaswant Singh Eathorf, the earliest raja of this country on record. He succeeded raja Bhfm Singh in 1803 or 1804 A. D. Disasters or disappointments either soured the temper or affected the reason of Man Singh, who became one of the most sanguinai-y monsters that ever disgraced the gaddi. His death was announced on the 20th of September, 1843 A. D. The Marwar succession question was settled in favour of Ahmadnagar on the 7th November, 1843, the choice falling not on the young heir of that house, but on his father Takht Singh, who was unanimously elected, and whose son accompanied him as prince royal. Takht Singh is a de- ■ sccndant of the Herori Jaswant. Several of the Zanana ladies and three or four slave girls became Sutti. Man Singh, Raja, of Audh. His title was Maharaja Su- Man Singh Bahadur Kavam Jung, K. C. S. I. 'He died at A juddhia on the 1 1th October, 1870 A. D. He was Vice-President of the British Indian Association, a post which he held with great success. Mansur, JJ'^"'; a khallf of Baghdad, vide Al-Mansiir.