Page:The Oriental Biographical Dictionary.djvu/176

 Mahmud 164 Majahid Mahmud Shalt I, Khilji, tJj' ^5^"^ ^J-^, was the son of Khan Jahan Khilji styled MaKk Mughi's and 'Azim Humayun the prime-minister of Hoshang Shah, after whose death Mahmud in conjunction with his father, having succeeded in poisoning his sovereign Muhammad Shah the son of Hoshang Shah, ascended the throne of Malwa on Tuesday the 15th of May, 1436 A. D., 29th Shawwal, 839 A 13. He reigned 34 lunar years, and died on the 27th of May, 1469 A. D., 19th Zi-Ka'da 873 A. H., aged 68 years. The numerals of the two Persian words ^xmS t^x^ giyg the year of his death. He was suc- ceeded by his son Ghayas-uddfn Khilji who reigned 33 years and left his kingdom to his son Sultan Nasir- uddm. He reigned 1 1 years and 4 months and was suc- ceeded by his son Sultan Mahmud II, who was defeated and slain by Sultan Bahadur Shah of Gujrat in 1531 A. D., 937 A. H., and Malwa incorporated with the king- dom of Gujrat. Mahmud Shah II, ij^^ 2'-^ <i^'°, the third son of Sultan Nasir-uddm, after whose death he ascended the throne of Maiwa on the 3rd May, 1511 A. D, 3rd Safar 917 A. H. Malwa was taken by Bahadur Shah king of Gujrat on the 26th February, 1531 A. D., 9th Shaban 937 A. H., and Mahmud Shah taken prisoner with his seven sons and ordered into confinement. He was sent to the fort of Champaner, but died or was murdered on his way to that place, and the kingdom of Malwa became incorpo- rated with that of Gujrat. After the death of Bahadur Shah, one Kadir Khan and after him Shujaa Khan ruled over Malwa for some years, and after the demise of the latter his son Baz Bahadur reigned till the year 1570 A. D., 978 A. H., when that kingdom was entirely sub- dued by the emperor Akbar. Mahmud Shah Purbi, tj^.J^i succeeded his father Firoz Shah to the throne of Bengal in 1494 A. D., 899 A. H. He reigned about one year and was murdered by Siddi Badr who succeeded him and assumed the title of Muzaffar Shah in 1495 A. D., 900 A. H. Mahmud Shah Sharki, Sultan, L5^r* ■i-?^", ascended the throne of Jaunpur after the death of his father Sultan Ibrahim Shah Sharki in 1440 A. D., 844 A. H. He reigned about 17 years and died in 1457 A. D., 862 A. H., when his eldest son Bhfkhan Khan succeeded him, and assumed the title of Bluhammad Shah Sharki. Mahmud Shah Tughlak, Sultan, s^-^ ^ylkl**^ sumamed Nasir-uddin, was the son of Muhammad Shah, the son of Firoz Shah Tughlak. He was raised to the throne of Dehlf after the death of his brother Huma- yiin Shah in April, 1394 A. D., Jumada II, 796 A. H., at the age of ten years. His minority and the dissensions of the nobles encouraged many of the surrounding chiefs to revolt and become independent. In his time Amir Timur invaded India, and defeated Mahmud Shah in a battle fought (according to Firishta on the 15th of Janu- ary, 1399 A. D., 7th Jumada I, 801 A. H.,) and according to Sharaf-uddin Yezdi, on Tuesday the 7 th of Kabi' II, 801 A. H., corresponding with the 17th December, 1398 A. D., when Mahmud fled to Gujrat, and Timur the next day took possession of Dehli : On the eighth of Kabi'-us-Sanf, with the sun In Capricorn, Timur died Dehli won. Timur soon after his conquest of Dehli returned to Persia with an immense treasure from India. After the departure of that conqueror, Nasrat Khan, son of Fatha Kian, the son of Firoz Shah took possession of Dehli, and ascended the throne with the title of Nasrat Shah. He was succeeded in 1400 A. D., by HLbal Khan, after whose death Mahmud Shah, who was then at Kanauj, returned, and ascended the throne of Dehli the second time in December, 1405 A. D., 22nd Jumada II, 808 A. H. But the governors of provinces no longer acknowledged alle- giance to the throne, having established their indepen- dence during the civil war. Mahmud Shah died on the 4th of March, 1413 A. D., 29th Zi-Ka'da 815 A. H., and was succeeded by Daulat Khan Lodi. With Sultan Mahmud the empire of Dehli fell from the race of the Turks who were adopted slaves of Sultan Shahab-uddin Ghori. Mahmud, Sultan, LfyJr^ c>^^^, the celebrated king of Ghazni, was the eldest son of Sultan Nasir-uddin Subaktagin. His father at his death, 997 A. D., 387 A. H., unmindful of the superior right of Mahmud (who was then employed in the government of Khurasan,) bequeathed his kingdom to Isma'il, a younger son. Is- ma'il attempted to confirm himself in the power to which he was raised, but on the approach of Mahmud, after a vain attempt at resistance, he was compelled to throw himself upon the clemency of his offended brother. Mahmud reigned more than 33 lunar years, during which time he made twelve expeditions into India ; took Labor, Dehli, Kanauj and other parts of Hindustan ; many hun- dred temples of the Hindus he levelled with the ground ; many thousand idols he demolished, and broke to pieces the famous idol of Somnath, the fragments of which he distributed to Ghazni, Mecca and Medina. He was born on the 15th December, 967 A. D., 9th Muharram 357 A. H., and died on Thursday the 23rd of Rabi' II, 421 A. H., which year and date is inscribed on his tomb at Ghazni, corresponding with the 30th April, 1030 A. D. On a tombstone of white marble lies the mace of Mahmud of such a weight that few men can wield it. He was succeeded by his son Muhammad, who reigned only five months, and was deposed and deprived of sight by his brother Masa'ud who ascended the throne. Mahmud, Sultan, ly'^'^ •iy*'^, the son of Muhammad (Sultan), the son of Malik Shah, which see. Mahmud, Sultan, lsj}"" of Ghor. Vide Ghayas-uddin Mahmud Ghorf. Mahmud Tabrezi, isy'-J'^ author of the " Miftah ul-Ya'jaz," or the Key to Miracles, describing the happiness of those who have obtained the light of Sufiism and other mysteries. Written in 1482 A. D., 887 A. H. Mahmud Tistari, Shaikh, l5'^-~-' -^j*^ a native of Tistar a town in Persia, and author of the poem called " Gulshan-e-Raz," which he wrote in 1317 A. D., 717 A. H. He died in the year 1320 A. D., 720 A. H., and was buried at Tistar his native country. Mahtab Bagh, ^'^ name of a place or garden, which Shah Jahan had commenced building on the other side of the Jamna opposite to the Rauza of Tajganj and similar to it where he intended he should be buried after his death, but'Alamgir his son took away all the materials for the construction of some other buildings after his father's death ; some of its ruins are still to be seen. Maili, (SiJ^ ij^) poetical appellation of Mirza Muham- mad Kuli of Hirat who came to India in 1571 A. D., 979 A. H., and is the author of a Diwan. Majahid Shah Bahmani, lsW^ vide Mu- jahid Shah.