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 J ouhari 136 Jurjani as " Jouhar-ul-Talun," " Jouhar-ul-Tarkib," Sec, the last- named work he wrote in 1820 A. D., 1235 A. H. J ouhari Farabi, (j'.b^' iA^^^y surname of Atu Nasr Isma'fl bin-Hammad. Although he was a Turk, yet he made such progress in the Arabic language, which he studied in Mesopotamia and Egypt, that he was styled " Imam-ul-Lughat," or master of the language. He is the author of a very large Arabic Dictionary entitled " Sahah-ul-Lughat," the purity of the tongue. He is often called after this work, " Sahib-us-Sahah" or the author of the Sahah. He is commonly called Farabi or Farabi-al-Turki, because he was a native of Farab in Turkistan. He died 1002 A. D., 393 A. H. Some au- thors say that his death took place in 992 A. D., 382 A. H. Jouhari Zargar, jt'jj lsj^-^'^, a poet who flourished in the time of Sulaiman Shah and Arsalan Shah of the house of Saljuk. He is the author of a poem containiag the story of " Amir Ahmad and Mahasti." Jounpur, JJt'j^, kings o{;vide Khwaja Jahan. Jouzi, isjj'^) vide Abu'l Faraj ibn-Jauzi. Joya, ^^^j poetical appellation of l^Iirza Darab Beg, a poet whose native country was Kashmir. He died in 1706 A. D., 1118 A. H., and is the author of a Diwan. The poetical name of his brother Mirza Kamran, was Goya. Juban Choban or Jovian, Amir, ij-'.^^ the tutor and general of the armies of Sultan Abii Sa'id Khan, son of Aljaitu, king of Persia. He was put to death by Malik Ghayas-uddm Kart in November, 1327 A. D., Muharram, 728 A. H., by order of the Sultan, because he refused to give him his daughter, Baghdad Khatun, in marriage. Vide Baghdad Khatun. Juber, ^-"J^j a companion of Muhammad. Judat, ^^J^, a poetical appellation. Jughtai, Ci'''^*^^ vide Chaghtai. Jugal Kishor, JJ^^ an inhabitant of Dehli whose poetical name was Sarwat. He was wakfl to the Nazim of Bengal for several years. Juji Khan, eJ^^ iS^J^j was the eldest son of Chingiz Khan the Tartar, from whom he had received for his share the wide regions of Kapchak ; but this prince died a few months before his father in 1226 A. D., and left his territories to his son Batu Khan, who conquered Eus- sia and Bulgaria, and ravaged the countries of Poland, Moravia, and Dalmatia, and had marched into Hungary in order to attack Constantinople, when death ended his victorious career.' Juna Shah, JS'-^ ^yi-, a brother of Muhammad Tughlak Shah, king of Dehlf, who built the city of Jounpur which goes after his name. Junaid Baghdadi, Shaikh, 'H*'^^ a celebrated ascetic whose father was a glass-blower of Nah&wand. He was born and brought up at Baghdad, and became one of the best disciples of Shafa'i, but followed the system of Sufian Souri. He made thu-ty pilgrimages to Mecca, alone and on foot. He died at Baghdad in the j'ear 911 A. D., 298 A. H., and was buried near the tomb of his master and maternal uncle. Sari Saktf. Junaid, Shaikh or Sultan, "H:^^ third in descent fi-om the celebrated Shaikh Safi-uddin Ardibeli, and grandfather of Shah Isma'il I of Persia, founder of the Safwi d>Tiasty which was extirpated by Nadir Shah. He was a Sufi or mystic philosopher, but being expelled froni Azurbejan by the Turkman ruler Jahan Shah, es- tablished himself in Daj^arbikar. In the latter period of his life, he went to Shirwan with his disciples, and was killed in 1456 A. D., 860 A. H., in a conflict with the troops of Amir Khalil-uUah, ruler of that province. Vide Isma'il I Safwi. The book called Nukkat Bedil, written by Mirza Bedil, contains his Memou'S. Jununi, ls^^^'^, author of a poem called " Lataef Shouk," a collection of entertaining and witty tales which he composed in the year 1689 A. D., 1100 A. H., and dedi- cated to the emperor 'Alamgir, but many were rather obscene. Jununi, Maulana, C5ij^^ ^^_?'*5 a sprightly satirical poet of Hirat who flourished in the time of Amir Ghayas- uddiu Sultan Husain, son of Firoz Shah about the" 9th century of the Hijri era. Jurat, poetical title of Kalandar Bakhsh, a son of Yehia Aman and pupil of Hasrat. He was flrst supported by Nawab Muhabbat Khan, but in 1800 A. D., 1215 A. H., he was in the service of prince Sulaiman Shikoh at Lakhnau. Though in the prime of life, he became blind, but became a good musician and an excellent player on the guitar. It appears that Jurat and his family had the family name of Yehia Man, because they said that they were descended from Yehia Eae Man who re- sided in a street at Dehlf which is close to the Chandni Chouk, and is still called the Eae Man street. It is also stated that this Eae Man was executed by Nadir Shah. Jurat died in the year 1810 A. D., 1225 A. H. He is the author of an Urdu Diwan and two Masnawis. Jurir, j^, or Abu Hazra Jarir ibn-Atiya, was one of the greatest and most celebrated poets. He flourished in the reign of the Khalif ' Abdulmalik of the house of Umayya, and received from him a handsome salary. He was once rewarded by the prince for a single panegyrical ode, with 100 camels, 18 slaves and a silver jug. Abii'l Faraj ibn- ul-Jauzi places the death of Jurir in the year 111 Hijri or 729 A. D., Ill A. H., aged 80 years. Jurir-ibn-' Abdullah, *^''f«>^c ^ general of the army in the time of 'Umar, the second Khalifa after Muhammad, Jurir-ibn-ul-Tabari, LS>■^^I <^-^ jir^) or Jurir-ut-Ta- bari, a celebrated Arabian historian, author of the " Tarfkh Tabari." He died in the year 922 A. D., 310 A. H. His son Muhammad, who was also an author, died in 942 A. D., 330 A. H. Vide Abu Ja'far-at-Tabari. Jurjani, cs^'^'^^j which see. Jurjani, (^^tf^j a native of Jurjan or Georgia. Al- Sayyad-ush-Sharif Abu'l Hasan (or Husain) 'Alf, was thus surnamed because he was born in that country. He was one of the most celebrated Musalman doctors ; was born in 1339 A. D., 740 A. H., and died at Shiraz 1413 A. D., 816 A. H. There have been several other authors of this surname, as Al-Sharif-al-Husainf, a son of the first, who was a famous physician and lived in the time of Atsiz, Sultan of the Khwarizmians. Also Abu'l Wafa, a mathematician, Abu Bakr bin-'Abdul Kahir, a gram- marian, and Muhammad Jirjani, a valiant captain of the Sultan of Khwarizm, and governor of the city of Hirat who was killed in defending that place against Toll Khan, son of Changez Khan.