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 Humam 109 Hunrniz heads of the people of Shiraz resemble this ?" Sa'df, hav- ing turned the bason with the empty side upwards, re- plied, " First tell me, why do the heads of the people of Tabrez resemble this ?" Many other anecdotes are rela- ted of them. Humam died in the reign of Aljaitu, emper- or of the Mughals, in the year 1313 A.D., 713 A. H., and was buried at Tabrez. He is also called Khwaja Hu- mam-uddfn Tabrezi. Humam-uddin Tabrezi, i^yj^ t?:!'^' (•'**^ '"'^ Humam Tabrezi. Humayun, ^D^}-*^ a^^^ t^'J'^-'t jb^, emperor of Hin- dustan, surnamed Nasir-udd'm Muhammad, was the eldest son of the emperor Babar Shah, was bom at Kabul on the night of Tuesday the 7th of March, 1508 A. D., 4th Zi-Ka'da, 913 A. H., and his mother's name was Maham Begam. He succeeded his father on the throne at Agrah on the 26th December, 1530 A. D., 6th Jumada I, 937 A. H., and conferred the government of Kabul, Kan- dahar, Ghazm, and the Panjab on his brother Mirza Ka- miran, to Mirza Askari he gave the government of Sarkar Sambhal, to Mirza Handal, Sarkar Alwar, and the govern- ment of Badakhshan to Mirza Sulaiman, the son of Khan MirzS., the son of Sultan Muhammad, the son of Sultan Abu Said. Humayun was defeated the first time by Sher Khan (afterwards Sher Shah) ia a battle fought on the banks of the Chauns^ in Beh^r on the 26th June, 1539 A. D., 9th Safar, 946 A. H., and the second time at Kan- noj on the' 17th of May, 1640 A. D., 10th Muharram, 967 A. H. The capital no longer afforded him a place of refuge ; even his brothers became his enemies, and would not grant him shelter in their provinces. He fled from one place to another, subject at times to the greatest hardships ; and was at last obliged to quit the king- dom and seek an asylum in Persia, where he arrived in July, 1544 A. D., 951 A. H., and was hospitably and honorably entertained for some time by Shah Tahmasp of Persia, who assisted him with troops. During the absence of Humayun, which extended to a period of fifteen years, five kings ascended the throne of Dehli, viz. Sher Shah, his son Salim Shah, Muhammad Shah Adili, Ibrahim Khan, and Sikandar Shah. Humayun having overcome his brothers at Kabul and Kandahar, com- menced his march from the former city in the month of January, 1555 A. D., Safar, 962 A. H., towards India. He took the Panjab, and advancing towards Dehlf, defeated Sikandar Shah on the 22nd of June, 1555 A. D., 2nd Sha- ban, 962 A. H., in a battle fought at Sarhind. Sikandar, after his defeat, fled to the mountains of Sewalik, and Humayun having reached Dehli in triumph, became a second time emperor of Hindustan. Bairam Khan, to whose valour and talent the king was principally indebt- ed for his restoration, was rewarded with the first offices in the state with the title of Khan Khanan. The year of this victory was found by Bairam Elan to be contained in the words, " The sword of Humayun." Seven months after this victory, on the 21st January, 1556 A. D., as Humayun was coming down at the time of evening prayers from the terrace of the Library at Dehli, he fell headlong over the steps, and died on the 25th January, 1556 A. D., 11th Eabi' I, 963 A. H. The words " Alas ! my sovereign fell from the terrace," contain the year of his demise. He was buried at Gilokhari, a distance of four kos from the city of Shahjahanabad on the banks of the river Jumna ; and a splendid monimient was erected over his remains some years after, by his son Akbar, who succeeded him. Hu- mayun died at the age of 49, after a reign of 25 years, including the fifteen years of his banishment from his ca- pital. The foundation of his mausoleum was laid in 1565 A. D., 973 A. H., was superintended by Haji Begam mother of Akbar, and was finished in 16 years at a cost of 15 lakhs of rupees. Farrukh-siyar, 'Alamgir II, Dara Shikoh and other princes are also buried in this mauso- leum. Hamayun, after his death, received the title of Jan- nat 'Ashiani. 27 Humayun, Amir, i)y}*^, of Isfaraen, a poet who went early in life to Tabrez, and was supported by Kazi 'I's'a and Sultan Ya'kub, who called him Khusro Saru, that is, the second Khusro and Khusro Kochak. After the death of his patron, he went to Kashan and died there in 1496 A. D., 902 A. H. He is the author of a Dfwan. Humayun Shah, Bahmani, Sultan, cs^lr! ^^■^ ^ylkLj^ surnamed Zalim, or the Cruel, was the eleventh king of the Bahmani dynasty. He succeeded his father Sultan 'Ala-uddm II Bahmani in the year 1458 A. D., 862 A. H., and causing his brother Hasan Khan's eyes to be put out, ascended the throne of the Dakhan. Ac- cording to the will of his father, he conferred the office of Wakfl-us-Saltanat on Khwaja Mahmud Gawan, with the title of Malik-ut-Tajjar and the government of Bijapur. He was an unjust prince and a great tyrant, on which account he was surnamed " the Cruel." He reigned 3 years 6 months and 6 days, and was murdered with one stroke of a heavy club on the 1st of September, 1461 A. D., 28th Zi-Ka'da, 865 A. H., during a fit of intoxication by his own servants who were wearied out with his inhuman cruelties. He was succeeded by his son Sultan Nizam Shah, then only eight years of age. Hunain, U^^^ surname of Abu Zaid 'Abdur Eahman Hunain, son of Is-hak, son of Hunain, was a celebrated Christian physician who translated many books out of the Greek into Syriac and Arabic. Hurmuz or Hurmuzd I, >i>'^* hy°j^, the third king of Persia, of the Sasanian race, was the son of Shahpur I, whom he succeeded in 272 A. D. He is the Hormisdas of the Greek authors, and is said to have resembled, both in person and character, his grandfather Ardisher. The mother of this monarch was the daughter of Mahrukh a petty prince, whom Ardisher had put to death, and whose family he had persecuted, because an astrologer had pre- dicted that a descendant of Mahrukh should attain the throne of Persia. This lady had fled to the tents of a shepherd where she was seen by Shahpur when hunting. This prince became enamoured, and married her privately. His father Ardisher, going one day unexpectedly to his son's house saw young Hurmuz. He was greatly pleased with the appearance of the child and made enquiries, which compelled Shahpur to confess all that had happen- ed. The joy of the old king was excessive. "The pre- diction of the astrologers," he exclaimed, " which gave me such alarm, is, thank God, confirmed, and a descen- dant of Mahrukh shall succeed to my crown." Hurmuz was a virtuous prince, but reigned only one year and ten days. He died about the year 273 A. D., and was suc- ceeded by his son Bahram I. _ ^ Hurmuz or Hurmuzd II, ij^^ ^ytj^} the eighth king of Persia of the Sasanian race. He succeeded his father Narsi about the year 303 A. D., ruled Persia seven years and five months and died 310 A. D. No events of any consequence occurred during the reign of this prince. At his death he left no son : and the kingdom was on the point of being thrown into confusion, when it was de- clared that one of the ladies in the harem was pregnant, and that there were certain indications of the embryo be- ing a male. When the child was brought forth, it was named Shahpur : and every care was taken to give the young sovereign an education suited to his high duties. Hlirmuz or HiU-muzd III, '■^^ the second son of Yezdigard II, succeeded his father, of whom he was al- ways the favourite, 456 A. D. His elder brother Fi'roz, though at first compelled to fly across the Oxus, soon returned to assert his right at the head of a large army, which aided by a general defection of the Persians, who deserted his weak brother, obtained an easj' victory, and the unfortunate Hurmuz was, after a short reign of little more than one year, dethroned and put to death 457 A. D.