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�INDEX Specialarticle, 11; its effect on editorial, 262.

Spender, J. A ., on tendency towards

Washington, 185; Godkin on , during

few papers with large circulation , 22 n .; on editor and proprietor, 264. Sphynx, 21 n ., 48. Spichernberg, battle of, 381 0. Spielmann, M. H ., articles by, cited , 62 n ., 384 n ., 386 n ., 389 n .; works by , cited, 379 n ., 388 n ., 389 n ., 390 n ., 397 n .; on caricatures and cartoons, 389 n.

Civil War, 187; Stanhope on, 187;

Spingarn, J. E ., work by, cited , 288 n.;

Special bureaus. See Bureaus, special. Special correspondence, 11, 32; many forms of, i8o ; Wade on, 180- 181; “ grand reportage, ” 181; relation to interview, 181; functions of, 181; given rise to war correspondence, 181; authoritativeness of, 183– 186 ; from Greenwood on, 187; Bismarck 's offer of, 187– 188 ; in America prior to Civil War, article cited, 190 n. ; Ogden on, 190 n .; limitations of, 191- 194 ; censorship and, 192 ; " for home consumption, ” 192- 193 ; its effect on editorial, 262; continuity of, 438. See also Special correspond ent; War correspondence. Special correspondent Chap . VIII ; Leaves from the Life of a, 49 n .; num ber in service of Associated Press, 120 ; as a pamphleteer, 181; reporter developed into, 181; at Washington, article cited , 181 n .; Bennett on , 182;

Ralph on, 182– 183; Salisbury on , 183; of London Times, 183; sources of news of, 184; unwritten rules of, 184 ; Schierbrand on, 184 n .; Bismarck and, 185 ; instructions to , 185 n .;

Labouchere on, 186 ; international controversies due to, 186 ; expelled, 186 ; in Russo- Turkish War, work on , cited, 186 n .; responsibilities and opportunities of, 186 - 187; prone to magnify office, 187; Butler on South African, 188– 189; Layard on, 189 190 ; Dibblee on, 190 ; official facilities granted , 191- 192 ; at Peace Con ference, 192; the free- lance, 193; temptations of, 193 - 194; Borrow on , 194 ; general high type of, 194; Godkin 's judgment of, 196 n .; authoritativeness of press limited by, 450 ; Defoe on, 450. See also Special correspondence; War correspondent. Special editions, 12,63. Special interests, 11.

Special Libraries, bibliography of ad vertising in, 332 n.

Spectator, 107; collection of mottoes of, 46 n .; on its Latin mottoes, 46 n .;

quoted, 138 ; editorials of, republished , 274 n .; advertisements of, 487.

Spedding, James, his criticism Macaulay, 299.

of

Speed, J. G .,article by, cited , 53 n. Speed Up, Spencer, T. A ., work by, cited, 23 n. Spender, Edward , Central Press of 117.

Sporting page, 11, 27 ; “ Oldest Sporting " Journal, " 27. " Spy .” See Ward, Leslie . Square and Compass, 48. Square Deal, 48. Squatter Sovereign , 47. Staats-Zeitung, Ñ . Y ., mistranslation by ,

151; misleading advertisement in , 363 n.

Stamp duty, newspaper, repealed in England, 136. Standard, London, 48; nickname of, 50 ; its correspondent expelled from Rus sia, 186.

Standard Oil Co., advertisement of, 344. Stanhope, Aubrey, on foreign corre spondence, 187.

Stanley, A. P., ed ., work by, cited, 105 n. Star, 47. Star Bulletin, prison journal, 27 n.

Star-Enterprise, Poughkeepsie, cited , 434 n.

Star of Hope, The, prison journal, 27 n., 49.

Stars and Stripes, 24 n. Start, E. A ., article by, cited, 486 n. State, Columbia, S. C ., varying accounts of an address collected by, 156. State Editorial Assn. of Pa ., 454 n. Statesman, 47; extract from , sent to King Joseph, 200 n.

Stead, W ., Jr., quoted, 332; work by, cited, 332 n.

Steed, H. W ., work by, cited, 16 n .; quoted, 85; interview by, 237 n .; on Fackel, 440.

Steele, R ., 103; patrons and, 263; Stephen on, 285.

Steevens, G. W ., 206 n .; Boynton on , 210 . Stelzle, Charles, work by, cited , 92 n .; on church advertising, 353 n. Stephen, James, on Sydney Smith , 295 n. Stephen, Sir James Fitzjames, Life of, cited, 278 n .; his account of Macau lay's Life of Hastings, 299, 299 n. Stephen, Leslie , cited , 250 , 330 n. ; on London Times in Civil War, 257; Lowell's letter to, quoted , 257 – 258 ; on Edinburgh Review, 278 ; on D