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best illustrators. Great dailies command to -day the entire time and work of more than one eminent illustrator.3 The omission of

illustrations from the columns of some of the leading representa tives of the press may be due to the theory that the illustration cheapens the text, - a few

influential dailies and important

monthlies have thus far resisted the pressure to introduce illus trations that accompany the text, although admitting them freely into advertising columns and pages. Other periodicals do not carry illustrations because of the large disbursements involved

and they prefer to turn their expenditures into other channels.4 With a few conspicuous exceptions the use of the illustration by

the daily press has become almost universal, while the weeklies that are founded primarily for the sake of their illustrations

continue to multiply. It may be true to say that the newspaper uses the cartoon and the caricature to teach and to influence

public opinion, while the magazines use various forms of re

production to entertain their readers and either to illustrate a text or to form a connected story havinga running thread of comment. The attitude of artists towards illustrating for the press has also changed. Once considered beneath the dignity of an artist of

standing to have his work appear in a daily newspaper, famous artists are now represented in all the great dailies and other

periodicals not only in cartoons but also in the advertising pages. 3“ Many of thegreat dailies retain a permanent staff of from ten to twenty men. . . . Each man of the staff is a specialist in some line portrait ,

society, yachting, naval, military, sport, or humor.” — W. Jenkins, “ Illus trations of the Daily Press in America ,” The International Studio, March , 1902, 16 : 254 – 262; October, 1902, 17: 281- 291.

J. Pennell describes and gives a history of the use of the illustration by the daily press in “ Art and the Daily Press,” Nineteenth Century, October, 1897 , 42: 653 -662.

narrowly averted a financial disaster that had been imminent because of extravagant outlay for illustration.
 * At least one periodical having a large circulation is reputed to have

5 “ Our artistic skill has led us into temptation, and by degrees engendered a habit of making pictures when we ought to be recording facts. We have thus, through our cleverness, created a fashion and a demand from the public

for something which is often elaborately untrue.” — H. Blackburn, “ The Illustration of Books and Newspapers, ” Nineteenth Century, February, 1890, 27 : 213- 224.

Louis Baury in an interesting paper on “ Art in Publicity ” gives an his toric account of illustrated advertisements. — The Bookman, October, 1912, 36 : 128 – 147; E. Knaufft, “ Art in Advertising,” Review of Reviews, June,

1922, 65 :625 -634.