Page:The New Latin Primer (Postgate).djvu/50

36 The Imperfect (Imperf.) denotes that the action was occurring at some time in the past; as, vĕnĭēbam I-was-coming.

The Pluperfect (Plup.) that it had occurred by some time in the past; as, vēnĕram I had come.

§ 58. —There are three Moods of Verbs: the Indicative (Ind.), the Subjunctive (Subj.), and the Imperative (Imp.).

The Indicative asserts; as, vĕnīs thou-art-coming.

The Imperative commands; as, vĕnī come!

The Subjunctive has many usages, which will be explained in the Syntax.

§ 59. —There are two Voices of Verbs: Active and Passive.

Of Active Verbs the person who does the action is the subject; as, ămō I-love.

Of Passive Verbs the person to whom the action is done is the subject; as, ămŏr I-am-loved.

Active Verbs are either Transitive or Intransitive. Those which express an action directly affecting some object are Transitive; and these only have complete inflexions in the Passive.

Verbs which express a state or condition are Intransitive; as, stō I-stand. Such Verbs can only be put into the Passive impersonally, as, stātŭr ā mē it-is-stood by me, i.e., a stand is made by me.

Deponent Verbs are those which have the inflexions of the Passive Voice, with an Active meaning; as hortŏr I-advise.

§ 60. —Among the parts of the Verb are included certain Verbals, of which some are Nouns and some Adjectives.

The Verbal Nouns are: