Page:The New Latin Primer (Postgate).djvu/114

100 THE COMPLEX SENTENCE. § 213. —Complex sentences consist of a Principal clause and one or more Dependent clauses. The Complex Sentence may be regarded as a Simple Sentence modified by putting clauses in the place of single words.

The Dependent clauses are called Substantival, Adjectival, or Adverbial, according as the word which corresponds to them is a Substantive (Noun), Adjective, or Adverb.

The following are examples of the three kinds :

clause: quī rēgēs sunt cŏluntŭr are courted.

Simple sentence: rēgēs cŏluntŭr are courted.

clause: lŏcŭs quem sŭprā dixi hic est

this is the place

Simple sentence: lŏcŭs sŭprā dictus hīc est this is the place.

clause: vēnĭt ŭt prīmum illŭxĭt he came.

Simple sentence: vēnĭt mānĕ he came.

The Dependent Clauses of a Complex Sentence are often called Dependent Sentences; and this word will also be employed in this Grammar.

§ 214. —Substantival clauses or sentences are of five kinds:

(1) Sentences introduced by a Relative Pronoun : quī rēgēs sunt, cŏluntŭr those who are kings are courted.

(2) Sentences introduced by quŏd, meaning the fact that: quŏd spirŏ tŭum est the-f act-that I breathe {my breathing) is due-to-you.