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* WRICHT. 668 WEIGHT. WRIGHT, Fanny (JIadame Fkances D'Arus- MOXT) (1795-1852). A Scotcli-Amerit-an pliilan- thropist and reformer, born at Dundee, Scotland. In 1818 slie visited the United States, and after lier return to Great Britain in 1820 slie wrote a volume of Vieics of Horiety and Manners in America, which was puljlished in London the following year and in Paris in 1822. Five years later she again visited the United States", and, becoming interested in the slavery question, she founded a colony of free negroes on the Nashoba, near Memphis, Tenn. The colony proved a fail- ure, however, and the colonists were finally set- tled in Haiti. During the years from 1833 to 1836 she attracted considerable attention as a reckless lecturer on social problems. She then, for a time, edited The Gazette, and later The Free Enquirer at the Owen community of New Har- mony. Ind. During a visit to France in 1838 she married a JI. D'.rnsmont, but soon afterwards separated from him, and, returning to the United States, made her home in Cincinnati. Her pub- lished works include: AUdorf, a tragedy (1817) ; A Few Days in Athens, a defense of the philos- ophy of Epicurus (1822) ; and A Course of Popu- lar Lectures on Free Inquiry, Reliijion, Morals, Opinions, etc. (1829: Gth ed. 1836). Consult Gilbert, Memoir of Fanny ^Vright, the Pioneer ^Voman in the Cause of Women's Piyhts (Cin- cinnati, 1855). WRIGHT, George Frederick (1838—). An American theologian and geologist, liorn at Whitehall, X. Y.. and educated at Oberlin Col- lege and Theological Seminary. In 1802, wliile holding a pastorate at Bakersville, Vt., he be- came interested in the geology of that region. At Andover in 1871 he was a pastor of a Congrega- tional church. He was professor of New Testament language and literature at Oberlin Theological Seminary in 1881-92, when he be- came professor of the liarmony of science and religion. He was assistant geologist on the Penn- sylvania survev in 1881-82 and served on the United States Geological Survey in 1884-92. His publications include: Studies in ficiencc and Relitjion (1882): Glacial Boundary in Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana: Ice A<te in Sorth Amer- ica (1889) : Mnrs and the Glacial Period (1892) ; Greenland- Icefields and Life in the 2forth .it- lantie (1896) ; and Scientific .ispects of Chris- tian Fridrnees (1898). WRIGHT, Horatio GovERXErR (1820-99). An American soldier, born at Clinton, Conn. He graduated at West Point in 1841, entered the corps of engineers, for about six years was en- gaged in important engineering work for the Government, and in 1855 was proniotod to be captain. Tn .April. 1801. he went as cliief engi- neer on the expedition sent to destroy tlio Norfolk Navy Yard. He was chief engineer of General Heintzelman's division at the first battle of Bull Run and he lield the same position in the Port Royal expedition, during which he also com- manded a brigade. He became brigadier-general of volunteers in September, 1801. and in 1802 commanded the land forces which captured Fer- nandina, .TaeksonviMe. and Saint .Augustine. He commanded a division during the Pennsylvania eamp;iign. and the Sixth Corps at the capture of Rajipahannock Station. :ind also during the lat- ter part of the Richmond campaign. On May 12. 1804, he was promoted to be major-general of volunteers, and brevettcd colonel in the Regu- lar Army for gallantry at Spottsylvania, where he had been wounded. When General Early threatened Washington in July, 1804, Grant sent Wright with the Sixth Corps to defend the national capital. After driving the Confederates as far south as Winchester, Wright took part in the Shenandoah campaign, was again wounded at Cedar Creek, and later rejoined Grant before Petersburg, where he led his troops in the as- sault on April 2d, which broke the Confederate line and ended the siege. For this he was brevettcd major-general in the Regular Army. He was commissioned lieutenant-colonel of engi- neers on November 23, 1805. After the close of the Civil War he was a member of various im- portant commissions, and in June, 1879, was- promoted to the rank of brigadier-general and was made chief of engineers. He retired in 1884. WRIGHT, Sir .James (1710-85). A British colonial (Jovernor, born in Bloomsbury. London. He entered Gray's Inn. London, in 1741. was called to the bar. and practiced in Charleston. He became agent of the colony of South Carolina, and May 13, 1760, was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Georgia, and in 1702 Governor. The attempt of South Carolina to extend her jurisdiction over parts of Georgia was defeated and the territory of the latter colony was enlarged through treaties with the Indians. He was able to cause a limited use of the stamps provided under the Stamp Act, for which use Cieorgia was much blamed by the other colonies. In 1771-73 he visited Eng- land and was created a baronet for his services. On his return he was unable to prevent the ap- pointment of a committee of correspondence, but did cause Georgia to be tinrepresentcd in the First Continental Congress in 1774. The Liberty Boys seized the magazine in Savannah in 1775 and took charge of the port. On June 18, 1776, Wright was arrested, but escaped to a man-of- war in the harbor and remained imtil after an unsuccessful attempt to take the city, when he returned to England. On the recapture of S.avannah by the British December 29, 1778, he returned and attempted to institute severe meas- ures against the Revolutionary party. Wright aliandoned the province .Tuly 11. 1782. and was active in endeavoring to secure compensation for the American Loyalists. In return for his ef- forts and his own losses he received a pension of £500. Consult Georgia Historical. Society Col- lections (1873). WRIGHT, John Henry (18.52—). An Amer- ican classical scholar, born at Urumiah. Persia. He was edueoted at College Hill, Pouglikeepsie, and at Dartmouth College, from which he gradu- ated in 1873: from 1876 to 1878 he continued his studies at the University of Leipzig. In the years 1878-80 he was assistant professor of Greek in Dartmouth College: he then became professor of classical philology' ;ind dean of the Collegiate Board in Johns Hopkins University, but a year later was called to be professor of Greek at Harvard ITniversity. and in 1895 was made dean of the Graduate School. He edited Collignon's Manual of Greek Arehwoloqii ( Kng. trans. ISSli) and .1 History of Ml Sations (1901). In 1888 he became associate editor of the Classical lie- view, and in 1897 editor-in-chief of the .l??irrirn/i- Journal of Archccoloyy.