Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/772

* WOKNUM. 660 WOKTHEN. Gallery. His more important publications -nerp: The Epochs of Painting (1847.: enlarged 1859 and 181)4); Analysis of Ornament (185G); and /S'oHie Account of the Life and Works of Hans Holbein (1807). WOESAAE, vor'sil-a, .Jens Jacob Asmussen (1821-So). A Danish historian and archteolo- gist. born in Vcile (.Jutland). He was appointed assistant in the Cojienhagen Museum of North- ern Antiquities in 1S3S. In 1847 he was ap- pointed inspector of antiquities in Denmark, and two years later received a commission to arrange and preserve the archaeological remains of the country. He later became titular director of Danish antiquities, director of the Museum of Northern Antiquities at Copenhagen (18G.5). and of the Ethnographical Museum. In 1874- 75 he was Minister of Public Instruction and Ecclesiastical Affairs. Among his works may be mentioned: Daninarks Oldtid ojili/st red Oldsager (1843: Eng. trans.. The Primeval An- tiquities of Denmark, 1849) ; Blekingske Min^ desmaerker fra Hedcnold (1846) ; Minder om de Danske og flordmaendene i Enr/land. ^kotland og Irland (1852; Eng. trans., Memorials of the Danes and Norwegians in England, 1852) ; Den Danske Erohring af England og Normandiet (18G3) ; Nordens Forhistorie (1878; Eng. trans., Prchistorji of the North, 1886). WORSHIP (AS. %ceor scipe, honor, from ■ircor. irnr. worthy, honorable -f -scipe, ab- stract suthx, Eng. -ship). The expression in any suitable form of the reverence which man feels for a su]ierior being, and particularly for C4od. It is as old as the knowledge of superhuman be- ings, and ranges from the grossest superstition to the most elevated forms of Christianity. For some discussion of the primitive rites which come under this head, see Rite; Sackifice. Prominent in its outward form has always been sacrifice; and in strictness such elements of Christian public services as prayer, reading of the Scrijjtures, and instruction are not properly to be denominated worship at all. In traditional theology-, especially the Roman Catholic, a sharp distinction is drawn between what, is technically known as latria, the worship due to God alone, and dnlia, the reverence which may be expressed for the saints and for various sacred objects. Worship may be private; but it naturally tends to become common among those who follow the same religion, and thus to culminate in public forms. Such forms were undoubtedly established among Christians as early as the end of the first century: in the Teaching of the Ticclve Apostles forms are found designed to be used in the cele- bration of the Eucharist. (See Liti^rgy.) Musi- cal accompaniment carlj' grew up in the worship of various nations, and added solenuiity to the public rites. Certain formal postures were also recognized as appropriate to the devotion ex- pressed. The early Christians are found to have used four of these — the standing, tlie kneeling, the inclined, and the prostrate. Kneeling was the commonest, but standing was sul)stitutcd during the Easter season and on Sundays, to symbolize the resurrection of Christ. WOESLEY, wOrz'li. A coal-mining and cot- ton-manufacturing town in Lancasliirc. England, 5 miles west-northwest of ^ranehesler (Map: England, D 3). Population, in 1901, 12,448. WOESLEY, Philip Stamiope (183.5-66). An Englisli poet, born at Greenwich, in Kent. He was educated at the Cholmeley Grammar School, Highgate. and at Corpus Christi College. Ox- ford, where he won the Xewdigate prize for Eng- lish verse in 1857, and graduated in 1861. His original poems appeared in 1863 under the title, Poems and Translations (reprint with additions, 1875). Though they are graceful. Worsley's fame rests on his translations of the Odyssey and of tlie first twelve books of the Iliad in Spen- serian stanzas. The Odyssey was published in 1861 and the Iliad in 1865. The Iliad was com- pleted by John Conington in 1868. Consult Mat- thew Arnold's essay On Translating Homer. WOESTED. See Wool and Vok.sted JIan- UFACTURES. WOET. See BBEwaNG. WORTH, vert. A village of Alsace-Lorraine, situated on the Saner, about 10 miles southwest of Weissenburg (Map: CJermany, B 4). Here, on August 6, 1870, subsequent to their defeat at Weissenburg. the French under ilacMahon were defeated with great loss by the Germans com- manded by the Crown Prince of Prussia. The fiercest fighting of the day occurred in the village of Frosehweiler. which was taken by storm after a desperate struggle in the streets. The French lost 8000 men in dead and wounded and 9000 prisoners. The German loss was more than 10,- 000 men in dead and wounded. French historians refer to it as the battle of Eeichshofen. Popula- tion, about 1100. WORTH, Cii.ELES Fkedebick (1825-95). An Anglo-French dressmaker, born at Bourne. Lin- colnshire. In 1846 he went to Paris, and for twelve years was in the employ of Gagelin, a silk-weaver. He began to design articles of dress and in 1858 went into business as a lady's tailor. He came to the notice of the Empress Eugenie, and thereafter had every opportunity to display his genius as a designer. WORTH, William Jenkins (1794-1849). An American soldier, born in Hudson, N. Y. He entered the Twenty-third Infantry as a first lieutenant in March, 1813; served as an aide to Cieneral Scott : and was brevetted captain for gallantry at Chippewa, and major for gallantry at Lundy's Lane, where he was severely wounded. In 1838 he was made colonel of the Eighth Regi- ment of infantry, and on April 19, 1842. de- feated the Seminole Indians at Palaklaklaha. During the Jlexican War he served under Gen- eral Taylor, and for services in the attack on the Bishop's Palace at M(mterey was brevetted major-general. He then served under Cieneral Scott in the Soutliern campaign ; greatly dis- tinguished himself at Ccrro Gordo, Chiirubusco, Molino del Rey, and Chapulteiiec; and on Sep- tember 13, 1848. received from the authorities of the City of INIexico the overtures for a sur- render. After the war until his dcatli he com- manded the Dep:irtmcnt of Texas. A monument to his memory was erected at the intersection of Broadwav and Fifth Avenue. New York, in 1S.-)S. WOETHrEN, A.MOS Henry (1813-88). An American geologist, born at Bradford. Vt. He was educated at Bradford Academy, and shortly after graduation removed to Kentucky, and from