Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/735

* WOOD. 627 WOOD. the history of the eity mid University of Oxford. Jlis first iiii|)or(:iiit ])ul)lishcd work was llis- toria el Aiiliiiuilatcs Uniicrifilalia Oxonicnsis (1074), wliieh Dr. Fell caused to l)e put into Latin for pulilication. The work was .so muti- lated by the translators that Wood re- wrote it in English, but it was not pub- lished in this form until one hundred years after his death, by .lohn CJuteli. in five volumes under three separate titles — The History and Antiijuities of the Collrycs and Halls, in the University of O.xford {178(i) ; Fasti Osconienscs, or a Coinincntar}/ on the Supreme Maijislratcs of the Universitij (1790), p.rinted as apiiendix to the foregoing; and The Ilislori) and Antiquities of the University of Qj-ford (17!)2- 90) . These volumes formed the stan<lard treatise on the subject until very recent years. Hardly less important is Wood's Atliinw Oxonicnses, a history of notable O.xford graduates from 1500 to 1090 (2 vols., London, 1091-92). A second edition was published in 1721. The Rev. An- drew Clark published The Life and Times of Antony Wood (Oxford Historical Society, 5 vols. 1891 — ; vol. iv. in 1S95), containing Wood's autobiography (first |)ublishcd in 1730), and diaries for the years 16.57-95. These give the facts of his life in remarkable fullness. The greater part of his books and manuscripts are now to be found in the Bodleian Library. WOOD, De Volson (1832-97). .4n American engineer, physicist, and teacher. He was born at Smyrna, N. Y., and was educated at the State Normal School at Albany and at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, gradu- ating from the latter institution in 1857 with the degree of civil engineer. He taught mathe- matics in the Normal School, 1854-55, was pro- fessor of civil engineering in the LTniversity of Michigan. 1857-72, held the ehair of mathematics in the Stevens Institute of Technology, at Ho- boken. N. J., until 1885, and of mechanical en- gineering in the same Institution until his death. Among his works were: The Resistance of Materials (1871) ; Bridges and Roofs (1873) ; Elrnients of Analytical Mechanics (1876); Co- ordinate Geometry (1879); and Reaction Mo- tors. He invented a rock-drill, an air com- pressor, and a steam pump. WOOD, Edwaed Stickkey (1840—). An American chemist, born at Cambridge, Mass. He graduated at Harvard in 1807; received the degree M.D. in 1871 ; and studied physiology and medical chemistry in the universities of Berlin and Vienna in 1872. He was assistant professor of chemistry in the Harvard Medical Scliool dur- ing 1871-7, and professor of chemistry after that time. In 1873 he became chemist of the Massachusetts General Hospital, and he also made himself an authority on arsenic and other poisons. WOOD, Ellen (Price), better known as JIrs. Hexby Wood (1814-87). An English novelist, born at Worcester, England. In 1830 she married Henry Wood (d. 1800), a banker and merchant, with whom she lived for twenty years in France. There she began contributing largely €o Bentley's Miscellany and the -A'eir Monthly Magazine. In 1807 she became the editor of the Argosy, in which ap- peared her later novels. Her first great success was Fast hynne (18(il), which was followed by about forty long novels and many tales, includ- ing Mrs. Hallihurton's Troubles (1802); The Channings (1802); 'I'hc Hhadoiv of Ashlydyat (1803); Lord Oal.burn's Daughters (1804); Roland Yorlce (1809) ; M-ithin the .Maze (1872) j and Edina (1870). These novels represent the range of Mrs. Wood's powers from exciting melo- drama to the portrayal of every-day life. Con- sult the Memorials by her son, C. W. W'ood (London, 1894). Some of these novels had very large sales, particularly East Lynne. which also in various dramatized versions was widely" successful on the stage in both England and America. WOOD, Feknando (1812-81). . American politician, born in Philadelphia, Pa., of (Qua- ker parentage. He I'emovcd to New York in 1820, received a good education, and engaged in the shipping business, in which he w-as so suc- cessful that he retired with a large fortune in 1830. As a young man he took an active ])art in polities, and was widely known as a cam- paign speaker and writer. In 1840 he was elected to Congress and served one term. After his retirement from active business in 1850 h& turned his attention to numici])al politics, and within a few years his genius for political man- agement and organization was made evident by his comijlete control of the Tammany Hall ma- chine. In that year (1850) he was" the candi- date of Tanunany for Mayor, but was defeated by a combination of Whig and Know-Nothing votes. In 1854 he was again the Tammany candidate, and was elected, and was reelected in 1856, but internal strife in the Tammany organi- zation forced him out of its membership, and he gathered his personal followers into a rival organization known as ^Mozart Hall. As the candidate of Jlozart Hall he was defeated in 1858, but in 1800 was elected Mayor for a third term over both the Tammany and Republican candidates. During his last term in office he attracted wide criticism and ridicule by sug- gesting the secession of New York City at the outbreak of the Civil War and its establishment as a 'free city.' Subsequently he gave his sup- port to the Administration's war policy. He was elected to Congress as a Democrat in 1862, serving continuously until 1877, except for the years 1805-67, which he spent in Europe. He was one of the shrewdest and most ingenious of New Y'ork's political bosses. WOOD, Geokge B.con (1797-1879). An American physician, botanist, and author. He ■was born in Greenwich, N. J. After studying in New York City, he graduated at the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania in 1815. and from its medi- cal school in 1818. He lield the chair of medicine at the Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, 1822- 31, and of materia medica at the same institu- tion, 1831-35. He was professor of materia medica at the University of Pennsylvania. 1835- 50, and of the theory and practice of medicine, 1850-00. He was a successful teacher and a man of large parts and high ideals; and he did much to advance the prestige of the university W'ith which he w'as connected. After having served as president of the College of Physicians, Philadelijhia. for many years. Vood endowed an auxiliary faculty of medicine in the University of Pennsylvania. Among his works are: A