Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/615

* WILLAKD. 523 WILLEMS. Woman's Christian Temperance Union, and from 1870 till lier iloaUi was its president. Under lier guidance the organization of the Union was per- fected and its splicre of activity greatly en- larged. In 1SH2 she became a niemher of the executive committee of the Prohil)ition Party; in 1883 slie founded the World's Woman's Chris- tian Temperance Union and in 1888 became its president. Besides contribiding frequently to the magazines, she wrote a numl)er of IiooUs and pamphlets, including: Xinelec.n Heautiful Ynrirs (18(s): ]V„ijiiiii, and Temperance (1S8.3); and UlimiiNcn of Fijly Years (1889). She edited for a time the Chicago Erening J'oxt, and in 18'J2-y8 The Union, fHf/iuii (Chicago), the ollicial organ of the Union. Miss Wilhxrd probably did more for "the cause of temperance than any other person of her time. Consult an article in The Methodist Review, vol. Ixxx. (1898). WILLARD, .TcsEPii (1738-1804). An Ameri- can clergyman and educator, born in Biddeford, Maine, a great-grandson of Samuel Willard (q.v.), who was acting president of Harvard, 1701-07. He graduated at Harvard, 17Ij.5, and was tutor till 1772, wdien he became colleague pastor of the Congregational Church at Beverly, Mass. He was president of Harvard, 1781-1804. Among his published writings are several ser- mons; a Latin address on the death of Wash- ington; and scientific papers in the Memoirs of the American Academy and the Philosophical Transactions. WILLAKD, JosiAH Flynt. See Klynt, Josi.ii. WILLAKD, Samuel (1640-1707). A colonial clerg^'man. He was born in Concord, Mass. ; graduated at Harvard in 1659; was minister at Groton from 1063 to 1670, whence he was driven by the Indians during King Pliilip's War; was pastor of the Old South Church, Boston, from 1678 until his death; strenuously opposed the witchcraft persecutions in 1092; and was acting president of Harvard from 1701 until his death. -He pulilished many sermons, including: TJie Dutif of a People that Have Renewed Their Cove- nant with (lod (1080); Brief Animudrersions upon the New England Anabaptists' Late Fal- lacious Narrative ( 1681 ) ; and Mourner's Cor- dial Against Excessive Sorrow (1691). A folio volume entitled A Compleat Body of Divinity was published posthumously, by Joseph Sewall and Thomas Prince, in 1726. WILL'COX, Orlando BoLiv.R (182.3—). An American soldii'r, born in Detroit, Jlich. He graduated at West Point in 1847 ; served under General Scott in the latter part of the Mexican War; became a first lieutenant in the Fourth Artillery in 1850; resigned from the army in 1857 ; and then began the practice of law in Detroit. He reentered the service in !May, 1861, after the outbreak of the Civil War, as colonel of the First Michigan. In the first battle of Bull Run he was wounded and captured, and was ex- changed in February, 1862. He fought at South Mountain. Antietam, and Fredericksburg; com- manded the District of Indiana and Michigan for a short time; took part in the operations in East Tennessee in the fall and winter of 1863-64; led a division of the Nfhth Corps in the Wilder- ness and Richmond campaigns: was brevetted major-general of volunteers on August I, 1864; Vol. XX.— M. and was the first to break into Petersburg, re- ceiving the surrender of that place. In .Tanuarj', 1866, lie was mtistered out of the service, Imt re- entered it in the following July as colonel of the Twenty-ninth Infantry. In March, 1867, he was brevetted brigadier-general and major-general in the P.egidar Army for services at Spottsylvania and Petersburg respectively. He reached the regular rank of brigadier-general in 1886. and re- tired in the following year. He published : Shoe- pack Iteeollcciions (1856) ; and Faca: An Army Memoir, by Major March (1857). WILLCOX, Walter Francis (1861—). An Amciiian tc:ulicr, writer, and statistician, born at Riading, Jlass. He graduated at Amherst in 1884 and at the CoUunbia University Law School in 1887, was an instructor in |)hilosopliy at Am- herst in 1888-89, studied at Yale in 18.89-90 and at Berlin, Germany, in 1890-91, and received the degree of Ph.D. at CoUunbia in 1891. In the same year he became an instructor in the Sage School of Philosophy, Cornell University; and in 1892 was appointed assistant professor of social .science and statistics in the same institution, becoming an associate professor in 1894, and a full professor in 1898. In 1899-1901, on leave of absence from Cornell, he was one of the five chief statisticians of the Twelfth Census, and in 1992 became dean of the faculty of arts and sciences, Cornell University. For some years he was secretary of the American Economic Asso- ciation. Besides essays and magazine articles, he published The Divorce Problem, A Study in Statistics (1891, 2d ed. 1807). WILLEMITE. (named in honor of William I., Dutch II (7/((H /., King of Holland). A min- eral zinc silicate crystallized in the hexagonal system. It has a resinous lustre, and is of various shades of light yellow, green, red, and brown in color. It is found in Prussia, in Green- land, and with the zinc deposits in Sussex Coun- ty, N. J., where it occurs massive and also inti- mately mi.xed with franUlinite and zincite. The transjiarent specimens from New Jersey have been cut as cabinet gems. The reddish colored crystals found in Xew Jersey are known as troosfife. WILLEMS, vil'lems. Florext (182.3—). A Belgian genre painter, born in Li6ge. He was a pupil of the Jlechlin Academy, but formed his art chiefly after the old Dutch masters, famous for their minute execution, and achieved especial success in painting fabrics. In 1844 he removed to Paris, where he received first-class medals in 1855, 1867, and 1878. and many other honors. He is well known in' the United States, good examples of his works being in the Metropolitan Museum (Xew York), the Art Institute of Chi- cago, and other public and private collections. WILLEMS, J.N Frans (1793-1846). A Flemish ]diilologist, historian, and poet. He was born at the village of Boechout, near Antwerp, and at the age of twelve was sent to the town of Lierre, to learn singing and music. His talents attracted the notice of several influential persons there, through whose agency he was sent to Ant- werp, to study in the office of a notary; and in 1812 he won the prize awarded for the best poem on the battle of Friedland and the Peace of Tilsit. From this period his poetical and dramatic com- positions followed each other in rapid succession.