Page:The New International Encyclopædia 1st ed. v. 20.djvu/511

* WEST AUSTRALIA. ■135 WESTERGAARD. WEST AUSTRALIA. Sec Western Aus- XBALIA. WEST BAY CITY. A city in Bay County, Mifli., on till' SMf^iiiaw River, opposite Bay City, and on tlii; Miclii^an Ci'ntrul. the Ootroit and JMackinac, anil the Crand Trunk railroads (Map: Miuliij^au, K 5). it is connected with Bay Cit^v by four bridf,'es. The city is in a farming and coal-mining region, and is extensively engaged in slii|)-buililing. I'liere are also (louring mills, uiaeliine shops, hnnber mills, bone factories, breweries, a sugar-lieet factory, a eliicory fac- tory, etc. The ]iuhlic library has 30,000 volumes. I'ndcr the cliarter of 1S'J7 the government is vested in a nuiyor, chosen every two years, and a unicameral council. The water -works and the electric light plant are owned and operated by the n)unicipalily. West Bay City is to bfi con- solidated with Bay City (q.v.). Population, in ISilO, 12,9SI; iu 1900, 13,119. WEST'BORO. A town in Worcester County, Mass., 12 miles east of the city of Worcester, on the Boston and Albany Railroad. It hag a pnblic library with 12,000 volumes, the T.yman School for Boys, and the A'estboro Insane Hospi- tal (Map: Massacluisetts, D 3). The town is mainty interested in manufacturing, the most important products being boots and shoes, straw goods, automobiles, underwear, tape, and leather specialties. The water-works are owned and operated by the town, Westboro was settled al)out 1659, and was known as Chauncy until it was incorporated as a town in 1717. Popula- tion, in 1890, 5195: in 1900, 5400, Consult: llurd, ninlory of Worcester C'ounfi/ (Philadelphia, ISS9) ; and Forbes, The Uundrcdth Town. Glimpses of Life in Westhorough 1717-1817 (Boston, 1S89.) WEST BROMWICH, brumlch 07- ij. A man- ufacturing town iu the south of Statrordshire, England, 5 miles northwest of Birmingham (Map: England, D 4), There are fine municipal buildings. The city has rich mines of coal and iron, blast furnaces, and slitting mills, and manu- factures firearms, swords, cutlery, agricultural implements, and metal goods of every kind. Al- though mentioned as Eromure in Domesday and the seat of a Benedictine priory in the twelfth century, the town is of comparatively modern growth and was incorporated in 1882. Popu- lation, in 1901, 05,170. WEST'BROOK. A city in Cumberland County, Jlaino. miles northwest of Portland. on the Boston and Maine and the Maine Central railroads (Map: Maine. C 8). It has the Memorial Library with 7400 volumes. Manu- facturing is the most important industry, the chief establishments including paper mills, warp mills, brick works, and silk mills. Under the revised charter of 1891 the government is vested in a mayor, chosen annuallv, and a unicamer<al council. Westbrook w.as part of Falmonth until incorporated as .a separate town in 1814. It included Deering (now a part of Port hand) until 1870. In 1891 it became a city under a charter granted in 1889. Population, 'in 1890, 6632; in 1900. 7283. WEST CHES'TEB. The county-seat of Chester County, Pa., -25 miles west of Philadel- phia, on the Pennsvlvania and the Philadel- phia, Baltimore and Washington railroads (Map: Penn.sylvania, F 4). It has the West Chester iSlate Normal School, Darlington Seminary for Young Ladies, and the Friends' School; the Chester County Hospital; and several libraries, including a ])uldic library. .Marshall Square with its botanic:il gardens, Turk's Head Hotel dating from pnvHevolutiouary (inies, the county court liouse, and the county jail are other note- wortliy features, Although primarily a resi- dential place, West Chester has considerable commercial and industrial importance. It is in. a productive farming section, known for its grain interests, and having extensive nurseries. Dairy implements are the principal manufactured prod- ucts, the Sh;irplcs Dairy Im|dement -Works be- ing among the largest establishments of the kind in the country. There are also a creamery, a large grain elevator, wheel works, a tag fac- tory, [daning mills, etc. The government is vested in a chief burgess, elected triennially, and a council. The borough owns and operates the water-works. West Chester was founded in 1784, was incorporated as a town in 1788. and was cliartercd as a borou<rh in 1799. Population, in 1S90, 8028; in 1900, 9524. WEST'COTT, Brooke Foss (1825-1901). An English scholar and divine, born in Birming- h;im. He W'as educated at King Edward VI. 's School, Birmingham, and at Cambridge Univer- sity. In 1852 he left Cambridge to become one of the masters of Harrow. His more public career began in 1869, when he became Canon of I'eterboro"ugh. This otiico he held until 1883. From 1870 he was also regius professor of di- vinity at Cambridge. In 1883 Gladstone ap- pointed him a Canon of Westminster, and in 1890 he was appointed Bishop of Durham. West- cott was an accurate and widely read scholar, a profound and spiritual theologian, and an in- fluential adviser in social reform movements. His joint editorship of Westcott and Hort'a Creek New Testament gave him a place among the first New Testament scholars of the last century, and his successful mediation of the great Durham coal strike of 1892 was only one of the many disinterested public services that won for him the ejuthet of 'everybody's bishop.' Of his numerous writings particular mention may be made of The History of the Canon ( 1855), Inirndvction to the Study of the Gospels (1860), The Gospel of the Resurrection (1860). The New Testament in the Orifjinal Greek, (with Dr. Hort, 1881), Christns Consummator (1880), Social Aspects of Christianity (1887), The Epistle to the Hehreics (Greek text wdth notes and essays, 1889), The Incarnation and Common Life (1889). Consult the biography by his son (London, 1903). WESTERAs. a town of Sweden. See Ves- TER.t.S. WESTERGAARD, ves'ter-gOrd'. Niels Lun- viG (1815-78). A Danish Orientalist and philol- o.ffist, born at Copenhagen. In 1838 he went to Bonn, where he studied Sanskrit, and then visited Paris and London, after which lie returned to Denmark. In 1841 he made a journey to India and in 1843 to Persia. In 1844 he became lec- turer and afterwards professor of Indian phil- ology at the LTniversity of Copenhagen. Note- wortliy among his publications are: Radices Linijuw S'inskritw (1841): Sanskrit Lwsebog (1840) : and liiindehcsh. Liber Pehlvicus (1851). His most important work was his edition of the: